The duration of this ADI theory test is 90 minutes (1 hour 30 minutes). There are 100 multiple choice questions. You need at least 85/100 to pass. Click the Begin Test button when you're ready to start. You may review your answer after each question or wait until the end to view your overall result. Good luck!
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Click on an answer to view the correct choice along with the explanation.
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: There's an eyesight test for the Register of Approved Driving Instructors. The requirement is that an instructor must be able to read a number plate with letters and figures 79 mm high and 50 mm wide at a minimum distance of 26.5 metres (87 feet). This is a greater distance than the minimum legal requirement for car drivers.
Explanation: There's an eyesight test for the Register of Approved Driving Instructors. The requirement is that an instructor must be able to read a number plate with letters and figures 79 mm high and 50 mm wide at a minimum distance of 26.5 metres (87 feet). This is a greater distance than the minimum legal requirement for car drivers.
2. You see a vehicle with a flashing amber beacon ahead. What warning does this give you?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Slow-moving vehicles, such as a salt spreader or breakdown vehicle, may use a flashing amber beacon. On unrestricted dual carriageways, vehicles with a maximum speed of 25 mph (40 km/h) or less must use a flashing amber beacon.
Explanation: Slow-moving vehicles, such as a salt spreader or breakdown vehicle, may use a flashing amber beacon. On unrestricted dual carriageways, vehicles with a maximum speed of 25 mph (40 km/h) or less must use a flashing amber beacon.
3. A pupil with a physical disability is concerned that the examiner won't understand their special needs. What should you tell them?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: All driving examiners are trained to assess candidates who have special needs. The physical disability should be declared when the test is applied for. This is to allow extra time for the
- examiner to discuss and understand how the disability affects the candidate's ability to control the vehicle
- subsequent paperwork.
Explanation: All driving examiners are trained to assess candidates who have special needs. The physical disability should be declared when the test is applied for. This is to allow extra time for the
- examiner to discuss and understand how the disability affects the candidate's ability to control the vehicle
- subsequent paperwork.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The safest way to communicate and give instructions to a profoundly deaf pupil is when the vehicle is stationary. You'll need to communicate slowly and distinctly, using a combination of methods, including the use of diagrams and gestures.
Explanation: The safest way to communicate and give instructions to a profoundly deaf pupil is when the vehicle is stationary. You'll need to communicate slowly and distinctly, using a combination of methods, including the use of diagrams and gestures.
5. You're driving along a dual carriageway and have to brake hard in a straight line. Which wheels do most of the braking?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: When brakes are applied on a car moving in a straight line, they slow the rotation of the wheels but the rest of the car tries to continue moving forward. This shifts more of the car's weight onto the front wheels, making steering more difficult. If the car is cornering when the brakes are applied, the weight shifts both forward and towards the outside of the bend, thus the weight is loaded onto one front wheel. In severe cases, this can lead to skidding or even cause the car to roll over.
Explanation: When brakes are applied on a car moving in a straight line, they slow the rotation of the wheels but the rest of the car tries to continue moving forward. This shifts more of the car's weight onto the front wheels, making steering more difficult. If the car is cornering when the brakes are applied, the weight shifts both forward and towards the outside of the bend, thus the weight is loaded onto one front wheel. In severe cases, this can lead to skidding or even cause the car to roll over.
6. Head restraints should be adjusted correctly. What injuries do they protect you from?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Head restraints are provided to protect against neck and spine injuries, commonly referred to as 'whiplash'. They should be correctly adjusted before the start of every journey. An incorrectly adjusted head restraint will offer reduced protection.
Explanation: Head restraints are provided to protect against neck and spine injuries, commonly referred to as 'whiplash'. They should be correctly adjusted before the start of every journey. An incorrectly adjusted head restraint will offer reduced protection.
7. What advice should you give to a pupil about driving through shallow flood water in a car fitted with manual transmission?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: When driving through shallow flood water or fords, drive through slowly, in a low gear, while keeping the engine speed high by slipping the clutch; this should prevent water from entering the exhaust system. Check for traffic behind you and, if it's safe to do so, try your brakes as soon as you're clear of the water. Don't attempt to drive through deep or fast-flowing flood water.
Explanation: When driving through shallow flood water or fords, drive through slowly, in a low gear, while keeping the engine speed high by slipping the clutch; this should prevent water from entering the exhaust system. Check for traffic behind you and, if it's safe to do so, try your brakes as soon as you're clear of the water. Don't attempt to drive through deep or fast-flowing flood water.
8. What instruction should you give a pupil about controlling the vehicle's speed when going down a long, steep hill?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Using a lower gear will allow the engine braking to assist the brakes in keeping the vehicle's speed under control. Avoid coasting with the clutch held down or rolling in neutral, as there will then be no engine braking.
Explanation: Using a lower gear will allow the engine braking to assist the brakes in keeping the vehicle's speed under control. Avoid coasting with the clutch held down or rolling in neutral, as there will then be no engine braking.
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When you start to feel tired, it's vital to stop in a safe place as soon as you can. If there's no service area for several miles, leave the motorway at the next exit and find somewhere to rest. While finding somewhere to stop, keep the car well ventilated with fresh air. Don't stop on the hard shoulder to rest.
Explanation: When you start to feel tired, it's vital to stop in a safe place as soon as you can. If there's no service area for several miles, leave the motorway at the next exit and find somewhere to rest. While finding somewhere to stop, keep the car well ventilated with fresh air. Don't stop on the hard shoulder to rest.
10. You're driving on a motorway. You see a large box fall onto the road from a lorry. What should you do if the lorry doesn't stop?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Lorry drivers may be unaware of objects falling from their vehicle. If you see this happen, and the lorry doesn't stop, drive safely onto the hard shoulder near an emergency telephone. Report the hazard to the authorities. Don't try to retrieve fallen items yourself.
Explanation: Lorry drivers may be unaware of objects falling from their vehicle. If you see this happen, and the lorry doesn't stop, drive safely onto the hard shoulder near an emergency telephone. Report the hazard to the authorities. Don't try to retrieve fallen items yourself.
11. You're on a smart motorway where the active traffic management (ATM) isn't in operation. When should you use the hard shoulder?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: During periods when ATM is in operation, the hard shoulder is used as an extra driving lane. When ATM isn't in operation, the hard shoulder resumes its normal role as a refuge for breakdowns or emergencies.
Explanation: During periods when ATM is in operation, the hard shoulder is used as an extra driving lane. When ATM isn't in operation, the hard shoulder resumes its normal role as a refuge for breakdowns or emergencies.
12. You're following a lorry on a wet road. What should you do if spray makes it difficult to see?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Large vehicles can throw up a lot of spray when the roads are wet. This will make it difficult for you to see ahead. Dropping back will move you out of the spray and let you see more of the road ahead.
Explanation: Large vehicles can throw up a lot of spray when the roads are wet. This will make it difficult for you to see ahead. Dropping back will move you out of the spray and let you see more of the road ahead.
13. Where should your headlight beam fall when you're following another vehicle at night?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Following too closely behind another vehicle at night may dazzle the driver. If you drop back, your headlight beam will fall short of the vehicle and so avoid dazzle.
Explanation: Following too closely behind another vehicle at night may dazzle the driver. If you drop back, your headlight beam will fall short of the vehicle and so avoid dazzle.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Always start the Mirrors - Signal - Manoeuvre (MSM) routine well before you intend to change lanes. On motorways, vehicles are travelling at much higher speeds, so they may come up behind you very quickly. By checking the mirrors early, you'll have a chance to plan and give any necessary signals in plenty of time, so that other drivers have advance warning of your intended actions. In turn, they'll have more time to expect a change in traffic pattern and be able to prepare and act accordingly.
Explanation: Always start the Mirrors - Signal - Manoeuvre (MSM) routine well before you intend to change lanes. On motorways, vehicles are travelling at much higher speeds, so they may come up behind you very quickly. By checking the mirrors early, you'll have a chance to plan and give any necessary signals in plenty of time, so that other drivers have advance warning of your intended actions. In turn, they'll have more time to expect a change in traffic pattern and be able to prepare and act accordingly.
15. Your pupil asks you about this sign, which they've seen recently. What should you tell them it means?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Ring roads are designed to keep traffic away from town centres. Unless you need to visit the town centre, you should use the ring road, as this will help to avoid congestion and reduce your journey time.
Explanation: Ring roads are designed to keep traffic away from town centres. Unless you need to visit the town centre, you should use the ring road, as this will help to avoid congestion and reduce your journey time.
16. Your pupil is driving in a stream of traffic. You see this sign ahead. What advice should you give to your pupil?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Loose gravel or chippings can easily be thrown up by vehicles' tyres. At roadworks or on newly surfaced roads, check your speed and keep a good distance away from vehicles ahead to avoid any flying chippings.
Explanation: Loose gravel or chippings can easily be thrown up by vehicles' tyres. At roadworks or on newly surfaced roads, check your speed and keep a good distance away from vehicles ahead to avoid any flying chippings.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Cars, light goods vehicles, invalid carriages and motorcycles can be parked at night without lights on roads with a speed limit of 30 mph or less. They must comply with any parking restrictions and face the direction of the traffic flow.
Explanation: Cars, light goods vehicles, invalid carriages and motorcycles can be parked at night without lights on roads with a speed limit of 30 mph or less. They must comply with any parking restrictions and face the direction of the traffic flow.
18. A novice driver is able to steer a straight course. How could you help them improve their steering skills?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: At the correct stage in a pupil's development, it's beneficial to practise steering the vehicle with one hand. They should then find it easier to change gear, operate another control or give arm signals as and when appropriate. Any tendency to drive with one hand without good reason should be strongly discouraged.
Explanation: At the correct stage in a pupil's development, it's beneficial to practise steering the vehicle with one hand. They should then find it easier to change gear, operate another control or give arm signals as and when appropriate. Any tendency to drive with one hand without good reason should be strongly discouraged.
19. What's the most likely outcome of using attainable learning targets for a pupil under instruction?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Learning targets should be realistic and attainable; reaching a learning target will reinforce a pupil's progress. Setting objectives that are too ambitious or too complex is more likely to demotivate pupils.
Explanation: Learning targets should be realistic and attainable; reaching a learning target will reinforce a pupil's progress. Setting objectives that are too ambitious or too complex is more likely to demotivate pupils.
20. When are you advised to increase your tyre pressures so that they're higher than normal?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In general, the vehicle handbook will recommend higher tyre pressures for continuous high-speed driving; for example, on long motorway trips. Increased tyre pressures may also be recommended when the vehicle is carrying a heavy load or when towing a trailer.
Explanation: In general, the vehicle handbook will recommend higher tyre pressures for continuous high-speed driving; for example, on long motorway trips. Increased tyre pressures may also be recommended when the vehicle is carrying a heavy load or when towing a trailer.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Progressive braking is a safe driving technique, which allows other drivers time to react and is more comfortable for your passengers. This will help to prevent skidding, and saves wear on brakes, tyres and suspension.
Explanation: Progressive braking is a safe driving technique, which allows other drivers time to react and is more comfortable for your passengers. This will help to prevent skidding, and saves wear on brakes, tyres and suspension.
22. You see a pedestrian with a dog. What does it mean if the dog is wearing a distinctive yellow or burgundy coat?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: If you see a pedestrian with a dog that's wearing a yellow or burgundy coat, take care. The pedestrian may have hearing difficulties and so be unable to hear you approaching.
Explanation: If you see a pedestrian with a dog that's wearing a yellow or burgundy coat, take care. The pedestrian may have hearing difficulties and so be unable to hear you approaching.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If a load overhangs the front or rear of a vehicle by more than 2.0 metres (6 feet 6 inches), projection markers are required.
Explanation: If a load overhangs the front or rear of a vehicle by more than 2.0 metres (6 feet 6 inches), projection markers are required.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Drivers are allowed to remove their seat belt when carrying out any manoeuvre that involves reversing. When the manoeuvre is complete, the seat belt must be fastened before driving away.
Explanation: Drivers are allowed to remove their seat belt when carrying out any manoeuvre that involves reversing. When the manoeuvre is complete, the seat belt must be fastened before driving away.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Seat belts should be worn at all times, unless you're carrying out a manoeuvre that involves reversing. The seat belt should be put back on when you've finished the manoeuvre.
Explanation: Seat belts should be worn at all times, unless you're carrying out a manoeuvre that involves reversing. The seat belt should be put back on when you've finished the manoeuvre.
26. You're driving a vehicle towing a trailer on a three-lane motorway. When can you use the right-hand lane?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: If you're towing a caravan or trailer, you mustn't use the right-hand lane on a motorway with three or more lanes, except in certain circumstances, such as when there are lane closures.
Explanation: If you're towing a caravan or trailer, you mustn't use the right-hand lane on a motorway with three or more lanes, except in certain circumstances, such as when there are lane closures.
27. You're driving at night on a road that has no street lighting. Which lights must you use?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You must use headlights at night, except on a road that's lit by street lighting. These roads are generally restricted to a 30 mph (48 km/h) speed limit. However, it's advisable to use headlights at all times when driving at night or in poor visibility, to help other road users to see you.
Explanation: You must use headlights at night, except on a road that's lit by street lighting. These roads are generally restricted to a 30 mph (48 km/h) speed limit. However, it's advisable to use headlights at all times when driving at night or in poor visibility, to help other road users to see you.
28. A pupil's driving is well below driving-test standard. What should you do if they insist on taking the driving test?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If your pupil's driving is below the required test standard, it's your responsibility as a professional instructor to advise them not to take the test. As soon as you become aware of a possible problem, you should discuss this with your pupil and positively encourage them that, in their interest, and for other road users as well, it would be far better to postpone the appointment. If you can't dissuade them, then you should withhold the use of your vehicle. Ultimately, it's the pupil's test and an instructor can't prevent them from taking it in someone else's vehicle.
Explanation: If your pupil's driving is below the required test standard, it's your responsibility as a professional instructor to advise them not to take the test. As soon as you become aware of a possible problem, you should discuss this with your pupil and positively encourage them that, in their interest, and for other road users as well, it would be far better to postpone the appointment. If you can't dissuade them, then you should withhold the use of your vehicle. Ultimately, it's the pupil's test and an instructor can't prevent them from taking it in someone else's vehicle.
29. You're approaching a red light at a puffin crossing. Pedestrians are on the crossing. When will the red light change?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: At a puffin crossing, an electronic device will keep the red light showing until it detects that the pedestrians have reached a safe position. Don't proceed until the green light shows - and then, only if it's safe to do so.
Explanation: At a puffin crossing, an electronic device will keep the red light showing until it detects that the pedestrians have reached a safe position. Don't proceed until the green light shows - and then, only if it's safe to do so.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Catalytic converters are exhaust-treatment systems that remove most of the harmful compounds from the exhaust gases. These include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. The converter only deals with toxic, polluting gases; carbon dioxide is still produced.
Explanation: Catalytic converters are exhaust-treatment systems that remove most of the harmful compounds from the exhaust gases. These include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. The converter only deals with toxic, polluting gases; carbon dioxide is still produced.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Carrying a heavy load in a vehicle will change its centre of gravity. This will affect the vehicle's handling on bends, compared with when it's lightly loaded. It's your responsibility to make sure that your vehicle isn't overloaded and that any load is secure.
Explanation: Carrying a heavy load in a vehicle will change its centre of gravity. This will affect the vehicle's handling on bends, compared with when it's lightly loaded. It's your responsibility to make sure that your vehicle isn't overloaded and that any load is secure.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Strict controls on exhaust emissions require a catalytic converter to be fitted to the exhaust system of all new vehicles. Catalytic converters remove most of the carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbons from the exhaust gases.
Explanation: Strict controls on exhaust emissions require a catalytic converter to be fitted to the exhaust system of all new vehicles. Catalytic converters remove most of the carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbons from the exhaust gases.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: As you drive, looking and planning well ahead will help you to avoid harsh braking and keep a smooth, steady pace. This will help to reduce your vehicle's fuel consumption.
Explanation: As you drive, looking and planning well ahead will help you to avoid harsh braking and keep a smooth, steady pace. This will help to reduce your vehicle's fuel consumption.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: When approaching a contraflow system, slow down in good time and obey reduced speed limits. You may be travelling in a narrower lane than normal, with no permanent barrier between you and the oncoming traffic. Be aware that the hard shoulder may be used for traffic, and the road ahead could be obstructed by slow-moving or broken-down vehicles.
Explanation: When approaching a contraflow system, slow down in good time and obey reduced speed limits. You may be travelling in a narrower lane than normal, with no permanent barrier between you and the oncoming traffic. Be aware that the hard shoulder may be used for traffic, and the road ahead could be obstructed by slow-moving or broken-down vehicles.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The cost of insurance varies with your age. Usually, the younger you are, the more expensive it is - especially if you're under 25. Some post-test training schemes are recognised by insurance companies, and new drivers who complete this form of extra training may benefit from a reduced first premium.
Explanation: The cost of insurance varies with your age. Usually, the younger you are, the more expensive it is - especially if you're under 25. Some post-test training schemes are recognised by insurance companies, and new drivers who complete this form of extra training may benefit from a reduced first premium.
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: When you've driven through a ford or flood, your brakes may be soaking wet. Water can reduce your brakes' efficiency, so check that they're working properly before you build up speed again. Lightly applying the brakes while driving slowly will help them to dry. Before you do this, remember to check your mirrors and consider what's behind you.
Explanation: When you've driven through a ford or flood, your brakes may be soaking wet. Water can reduce your brakes' efficiency, so check that they're working properly before you build up speed again. Lightly applying the brakes while driving slowly will help them to dry. Before you do this, remember to check your mirrors and consider what's behind you.
37. You're driving on a foggy night. Why should you switch off your rear fog lights as the fog clears?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: High-intensity rear fog lights are to be used when fog has seriously reduced visibility. Using them at any other time runs the risk of dazzling drivers behind. A warning light will show on the dashboard to indicate when your rear fog lights are on. You should know the meaning of all the lights on your dashboard and check them before you move off and as you drive.
Explanation: High-intensity rear fog lights are to be used when fog has seriously reduced visibility. Using them at any other time runs the risk of dazzling drivers behind. A warning light will show on the dashboard to indicate when your rear fog lights are on. You should know the meaning of all the lights on your dashboard and check them before you move off and as you drive.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Spilled fuel wastes money, damages the environment and makes the road surface slippery. This can be particularly dangerous for motorcyclists. Ensuring that you replace the fuel filler cap securely will prevent fuel spilling from your vehicle's fuel tank.
Explanation: Spilled fuel wastes money, damages the environment and makes the road surface slippery. This can be particularly dangerous for motorcyclists. Ensuring that you replace the fuel filler cap securely will prevent fuel spilling from your vehicle's fuel tank.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: It's illegal to use a mobile phone while you're driving (except for genuine emergencies). Driving requires your total attention and concentration at all times. Using a mobile phone will distract you and increase your chances of having a collision. Even using a hands-free system will distract you. Be safe: switch off your phone before you start driving and pick up any messages when you stop for a break.
Explanation: It's illegal to use a mobile phone while you're driving (except for genuine emergencies). Driving requires your total attention and concentration at all times. Using a mobile phone will distract you and increase your chances of having a collision. Even using a hands-free system will distract you. Be safe: switch off your phone before you start driving and pick up any messages when you stop for a break.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Tyres must have enough depth of tread to give them a good grip on the road surface. The legal minimum for cars is 1.6 mm. This depth should be across the central three-quarters of the breadth of the tyre and around the entire circumference.
Explanation: Tyres must have enough depth of tread to give them a good grip on the road surface. The legal minimum for cars is 1.6 mm. This depth should be across the central three-quarters of the breadth of the tyre and around the entire circumference.
Correct Answer: D
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The fuel in your vehicle can be a dangerous fire hazard. A strong smell of petrol may indicate a fuel leak and needs investigating. Don't use a naked flame near the vehicle if you can smell fuel, and don't smoke when refuelling your vehicle.
Explanation: The fuel in your vehicle can be a dangerous fire hazard. A strong smell of petrol may indicate a fuel leak and needs investigating. Don't use a naked flame near the vehicle if you can smell fuel, and don't smoke when refuelling your vehicle.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: You shouldn't reverse from a driveway into a main road, because your view will be restricted. When using a driveway, you should reverse in, so that you can drive out forwards.
Explanation: You shouldn't reverse from a driveway into a main road, because your view will be restricted. When using a driveway, you should reverse in, so that you can drive out forwards.
44. You intend to turn left into a minor road. What should you do as you approach the junction?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Make sure that you don't swing out into the centre of the road just before turning left. Stay in your normal driving position, so that other road users don't misunderstand your intentions.
Explanation: Make sure that you don't swing out into the centre of the road just before turning left. Stay in your normal driving position, so that other road users don't misunderstand your intentions.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The sign shows a mandatory cycle lane, and drivers mustn't park or drive in it during its times of operation. The lane will be marked by a solid white line on the road. Where the cycle lane is advisory, it will be marked by a broken white line. There'll also be a similar sign that shows a cycle on a blue background but without the lane represented. Don't drive in this lane unless it's unavoidable.
Explanation: The sign shows a mandatory cycle lane, and drivers mustn't park or drive in it during its times of operation. The lane will be marked by a solid white line on the road. Where the cycle lane is advisory, it will be marked by a broken white line. There'll also be a similar sign that shows a cycle on a blue background but without the lane represented. Don't drive in this lane unless it's unavoidable.
46. You're driving towards roadworks and you see this temporary speed-limit sign. When must you comply with the sign?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A circular sign with a red border tells you what you mustn't do. If the circle contains a speed limit, you mustn't exceed the limit, whether the sign is temporary or not.
Explanation: A circular sign with a red border tells you what you mustn't do. If the circle contains a speed limit, you mustn't exceed the limit, whether the sign is temporary or not.
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In queuing traffic, motorcyclists and cyclists often filter past the stationary vehicles. Before you turn right in a traffic queue, check your mirrors for passing vehicles. Motorcyclists and cyclists are smaller than other vehicles and can be difficult to see, so look for them before turning.
Explanation: In queuing traffic, motorcyclists and cyclists often filter past the stationary vehicles. Before you turn right in a traffic queue, check your mirrors for passing vehicles. Motorcyclists and cyclists are smaller than other vehicles and can be difficult to see, so look for them before turning.
48. You want to reverse into a side road. What should you do if you're not sure whether the area behind your car is clear?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If there's any doubt as to whether it's safe to reverse, get out and have a look before you start reversing.
Explanation: If there's any doubt as to whether it's safe to reverse, get out and have a look before you start reversing.
49. You're about to drive home. What should you do if you feel very tired and have a severe headache?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: All your concentration should be on your driving. Any pain you feel will distract you, and you should avoid driving when drowsy. The safest course of action is to wait until you've rested and feel better.
Explanation: All your concentration should be on your driving. Any pain you feel will distract you, and you should avoid driving when drowsy. The safest course of action is to wait until you've rested and feel better.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You'll be putting yourself and other road users at risk if you continue to drive when you're drowsy. Pull over and stop in a safe place. If you're driving a long distance, think about finding somewhere you can sleep before continuing your journey.
Explanation: You'll be putting yourself and other road users at risk if you continue to drive when you're drowsy. Pull over and stop in a safe place. If you're driving a long distance, think about finding somewhere you can sleep before continuing your journey.
51. What should you do if you're taking drugs that are likely to affect your driving?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you think that the drugs you're taking are likely to make you feel drowsy or impair your judgement.
Explanation: Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you think that the drugs you're taking are likely to make you feel drowsy or impair your judgement.
52. After passing your driving test, you suffer from ill health. What must you do if your health affects your driving?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You must inform the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), or the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA) in Northern Ireland, about any health condition likely to affect your driving. They'll investigate your condition and how it affects your ability to drive; they may not take away your licence.
Explanation: You must inform the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), or the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA) in Northern Ireland, about any health condition likely to affect your driving. They'll investigate your condition and how it affects your ability to drive; they may not take away your licence.
53. You're driving in freezing conditions. What should you do when you approach a sharp bend?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: In icy conditions, it's very important that you take appropriate action in plenty of time. On slippery surfaces, harsh use of the accelerator, brakes or steering is likely to lead to skidding.
Explanation: In icy conditions, it's very important that you take appropriate action in plenty of time. On slippery surfaces, harsh use of the accelerator, brakes or steering is likely to lead to skidding.
54. You're on a fast, open road in good conditions. How can you judge a safe distance from the vehicle in front?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In good conditions, one useful method of checking that you've allowed enough room between you and the vehicle in front is the two-second rule. To check for a two-second time gap, choose a stationary object ahead, such as a bridge or road sign. When the car in front passes the object, say, 'Only a fool breaks the two-second rule'. If you reach the object before you finish saying this, you're too close.
Explanation: In good conditions, one useful method of checking that you've allowed enough room between you and the vehicle in front is the two-second rule. To check for a two-second time gap, choose a stationary object ahead, such as a bridge or road sign. When the car in front passes the object, say, 'Only a fool breaks the two-second rule'. If you reach the object before you finish saying this, you're too close.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Even an empty roof rack will create extra wind resistance and this in turn will increase the vehicle's fuel consumption; for this reason, remove a roof rack when it's not needed.
Explanation: Even an empty roof rack will create extra wind resistance and this in turn will increase the vehicle's fuel consumption; for this reason, remove a roof rack when it's not needed.
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Child passengers should be encouraged to fasten their seat belts themselves from an early age, so that it becomes a matter of routine. It's the driver's responsibility to check that the seat belts of any passengers under 14 years old are fastened securely.
Explanation: Child passengers should be encouraged to fasten their seat belts themselves from an early age, so that it becomes a matter of routine. It's the driver's responsibility to check that the seat belts of any passengers under 14 years old are fastened securely.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The decisions we make when driving are shaped by our attitude, norms and motivation. But we're not always aware of these. Open questions can be used to explore these issues without making the pupil defensive. You can then work with the pupil to address any unhelpful attitudes.
Explanation: The decisions we make when driving are shaped by our attitude, norms and motivation. But we're not always aware of these. Open questions can be used to explore these issues without making the pupil defensive. You can then work with the pupil to address any unhelpful attitudes.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Everyone learns at a different rate, so you'll need to adapt your teaching to the ability of each pupil. Building confidence is an important part of teaching someone to drive. This can be hard to build but easy to lose, so be realistic in your expectations of a pupil.
Explanation: Everyone learns at a different rate, so you'll need to adapt your teaching to the ability of each pupil. Building confidence is an important part of teaching someone to drive. This can be hard to build but easy to lose, so be realistic in your expectations of a pupil.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: While a driving instructor should have a prepared plan for each lesson, there needs to be flexibility in how it's delivered. If one teaching method isn't successful, then other methods need to be tried to find one that works for the pupil.
Explanation: While a driving instructor should have a prepared plan for each lesson, there needs to be flexibility in how it's delivered. If one teaching method isn't successful, then other methods need to be tried to find one that works for the pupil.
60. You intend to slow down to give way to pedestrians at a zebra crossing. Why could an arm signal be useful?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When approaching a zebra crossing where you intend to stop, using an arm signal can be helpful. This not only tells the vehicles behind that you intend to stop, but also informs approaching traffic and waiting pedestrians, who can't see your brake lights.
Explanation: When approaching a zebra crossing where you intend to stop, using an arm signal can be helpful. This not only tells the vehicles behind that you intend to stop, but also informs approaching traffic and waiting pedestrians, who can't see your brake lights.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Time your driving and adjust your speed so that you don't have to use your brakes while you're cornering. Braking on an icy or snow-covered bend is potentially dangerous. The cornering force will continue to pull you outwards and the tyres will have very little grip. This could cause your vehicle to skid.
Explanation: Time your driving and adjust your speed so that you don't have to use your brakes while you're cornering. Braking on an icy or snow-covered bend is potentially dangerous. The cornering force will continue to pull you outwards and the tyres will have very little grip. This could cause your vehicle to skid.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Normally, a driver shouldn't stop or park on a road that has double white lines along the centre. However, you may stop for long enough to set down or pick up passengers, or to load or unload goods.
Explanation: Normally, a driver shouldn't stop or park on a road that has double white lines along the centre. However, you may stop for long enough to set down or pick up passengers, or to load or unload goods.
63. You're teaching a pupil to drive a car smoothly and with good coordination. In which area of activity will this learning mainly take place?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Psychomotor activities relate to practical skills. When driving a vehicle, a pupil will need to learn how to use each control competently. The next stage of learning will be to combine the use of these controls and coordinate actions smoothly to complete a task. In the early stages of learning, an example would be to move away smoothly without stalling.
Explanation: Psychomotor activities relate to practical skills. When driving a vehicle, a pupil will need to learn how to use each control competently. The next stage of learning will be to combine the use of these controls and coordinate actions smoothly to complete a task. In the early stages of learning, an example would be to move away smoothly without stalling.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A good instructor will be able to teach in a variety of different ways, and adjust their method to suit the individual needs of each pupil. Pupils will come with all levels of ability and different learning styles, and training should be planned and delivered accordingly.
Explanation: A good instructor will be able to teach in a variety of different ways, and adjust their method to suit the individual needs of each pupil. Pupils will come with all levels of ability and different learning styles, and training should be planned and delivered accordingly.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Some bus lanes only operate during peak hours and other vehicles may use them outside these hours. Make sure you check the sign for the hours of operation before driving in a bus lane. Where no hours are shown, the bus lane operates 24 hours a day.
Explanation: Some bus lanes only operate during peak hours and other vehicles may use them outside these hours. Make sure you check the sign for the hours of operation before driving in a bus lane. Where no hours are shown, the bus lane operates 24 hours a day.
66. What's the first thing you should do after emerging from a junction, turning either left or right?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Immediately after joining a new road, you should check to see what's happening behind you. This will help you to judge how briskly you need to accelerate to avoid causing any inconvenience to traffic behind.
Explanation: Immediately after joining a new road, you should check to see what's happening behind you. This will help you to judge how briskly you need to accelerate to avoid causing any inconvenience to traffic behind.
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Sometimes another road user will use a signal whose meaning is open to interpretation. When this happens, learner drivers should make sure they understand what the other driver intends before taking any action.
Explanation: Sometimes another road user will use a signal whose meaning is open to interpretation. When this happens, learner drivers should make sure they understand what the other driver intends before taking any action.
68. A child under 3 years old is travelling in the front seat of a car. What must the driver ensure?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The driver must ensure that all passengers under 14 years of age wear a seat belt or sit in an approved child restraint. A child under 3 years of age, who's travelling in the front seat of a car, must use an approved child restraint.
Explanation: The driver must ensure that all passengers under 14 years of age wear a seat belt or sit in an approved child restraint. A child under 3 years of age, who's travelling in the front seat of a car, must use an approved child restraint.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Routine checks, particularly before a long journey, can help to save trouble and expense. Check the operation of all lights, including the brake lights, each time you use the vehicle.
Explanation: Routine checks, particularly before a long journey, can help to save trouble and expense. Check the operation of all lights, including the brake lights, each time you use the vehicle.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Before you enter a roundabout, you normally give way to any traffic approaching from your immediate right. In a few cases, however, traffic on the roundabout has to give way to traffic entering. Look out for 'give way' signs, road markings and traffic lights on the roundabout.
Explanation: Before you enter a roundabout, you normally give way to any traffic approaching from your immediate right. In a few cases, however, traffic on the roundabout has to give way to traffic entering. Look out for 'give way' signs, road markings and traffic lights on the roundabout.
71. You're driving at night. When would you dip your headlights earlier than normal?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: You need to understand how your headlights are designed to operate. The main beam is aimed far ahead and to the left, while the dipped beam is aimed a short distance ahead and to the left. On the road, this means that on left-hand bends your headlights are aimed directly at the approaching driver, so you need to dip early to avoid dazzling them. Similarly, if you stop on the offside at night, even your dipped beam will dazzle oncoming drivers, as it's now aimed directly at them; using parking lights will avoid any dazzle.
Explanation: You need to understand how your headlights are designed to operate. The main beam is aimed far ahead and to the left, while the dipped beam is aimed a short distance ahead and to the left. On the road, this means that on left-hand bends your headlights are aimed directly at the approaching driver, so you need to dip early to avoid dazzling them. Similarly, if you stop on the offside at night, even your dipped beam will dazzle oncoming drivers, as it's now aimed directly at them; using parking lights will avoid any dazzle.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: On a motorway, drivers should keep to the left-hand lane unless they're passing slower vehicles ahead. If there are many slower vehicles in the left-hand lane, it may be safer to remain in the centre lane until the manoeuvre is completed.
Explanation: On a motorway, drivers should keep to the left-hand lane unless they're passing slower vehicles ahead. If there are many slower vehicles in the left-hand lane, it may be safer to remain in the centre lane until the manoeuvre is completed.
73. You're teaching a pupil to move away on a downhill gradient. What advice would you give them about the gears?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When teaching a pupil how to move off on a downhill gradient for the first time, the instructor will have to tell them which gear to use. However, as the pupil's skill develops, they should be encouraged to think for themselves and to make decisions based on their knowledge and experience.
Explanation: When teaching a pupil how to move off on a downhill gradient for the first time, the instructor will have to tell them which gear to use. However, as the pupil's skill develops, they should be encouraged to think for themselves and to make decisions based on their knowledge and experience.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Most power steering systems only work when the engine is running. If the power steering system fails (or the engine cuts out), much more effort will be needed to steer the vehicle.
Explanation: Most power steering systems only work when the engine is running. If the power steering system fails (or the engine cuts out), much more effort will be needed to steer the vehicle.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: You should approach mini-roundabouts in the same way as normal roundabouts. All vehicles must pass around the central markings except vehicles that are physically incapable of doing so, such as long vehicles or vehicles towing trailers.
Explanation: You should approach mini-roundabouts in the same way as normal roundabouts. All vehicles must pass around the central markings except vehicles that are physically incapable of doing so, such as long vehicles or vehicles towing trailers.
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When turning right at a crossroads where oncoming traffic is also turning right, it's generally safer to turn behind the approaching vehicle. This allows you a clear view of approaching traffic and is called turning offside to offside. However, some junctions - usually those controlled by traffic-light filters - are marked for vehicles to turn nearside to nearside.
Explanation: When turning right at a crossroads where oncoming traffic is also turning right, it's generally safer to turn behind the approaching vehicle. This allows you a clear view of approaching traffic and is called turning offside to offside. However, some junctions - usually those controlled by traffic-light filters - are marked for vehicles to turn nearside to nearside.
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A mirror with convex glass has a wide field of vision but makes it more difficult to judge the distance and speed of traffic behind. Vehicles seen in this type of mirror appear to be further away than they actually are.
Explanation: A mirror with convex glass has a wide field of vision but makes it more difficult to judge the distance and speed of traffic behind. Vehicles seen in this type of mirror appear to be further away than they actually are.
78. What should you do before turning left from a busy major road into a minor road?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When preparing to turn left into a side road, you should be prepared for obstructions or vehicles that may wish to stop and park. This could be before or after the turning.
Explanation: When preparing to turn left into a side road, you should be prepared for obstructions or vehicles that may wish to stop and park. This could be before or after the turning.
79. What should you do when you're driving at night and are dazzled by the headlights of an approaching vehicle?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If your view of the road ahead is restricted because you're being dazzled by approaching headlights, slow down and, if you need to, stop.
Explanation: If your view of the road ahead is restricted because you're being dazzled by approaching headlights, slow down and, if you need to, stop.
80. You're on a road that has speed humps. What should you do if the driver in front is travelling slowly?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Speed humps are a traffic-calming measure designed to reduce the speed of traffic. You'll often find reduced speed limits in these areas. Reducing the speed of traffic helps to improve the safety of more vulnerable road users. If you feel the vehicle ahead is travelling too slowly, wait until you're clear of the calmed area before looking for an opportunity to overtake safely.
Explanation: Speed humps are a traffic-calming measure designed to reduce the speed of traffic. You'll often find reduced speed limits in these areas. Reducing the speed of traffic helps to improve the safety of more vulnerable road users. If you feel the vehicle ahead is travelling too slowly, wait until you're clear of the calmed area before looking for an opportunity to overtake safely.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Don't park within 10 metres (32 feet) of a junction (unless in an authorised parking place). This is to allow drivers emerging from, or turning into, the junction a clear view of the road they're joining. It also allows them to see hazards such as pedestrians or cyclists at the junction.
Explanation: Don't park within 10 metres (32 feet) of a junction (unless in an authorised parking place). This is to allow drivers emerging from, or turning into, the junction a clear view of the road they're joining. It also allows them to see hazards such as pedestrians or cyclists at the junction.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: At a ford, the road passes through a stream at a place where the water is normally shallow. When you've gone through the water, you should test your brakes and if necessary dry them out. To do this, first check that you won't cause danger to traffic behind. Then apply a light brake pressure while moving slowly. Make sure your brakes are working properly before resuming normal driving.
Explanation: At a ford, the road passes through a stream at a place where the water is normally shallow. When you've gone through the water, you should test your brakes and if necessary dry them out. To do this, first check that you won't cause danger to traffic behind. Then apply a light brake pressure while moving slowly. Make sure your brakes are working properly before resuming normal driving.
83. You're following a moped. What should you do if you want to turn left a short distance ahead?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Passing the moped and turning into the junction could mean that you cut across the front of the rider. This might force them to slow down, stop or even lose control. Slow down and stay behind the moped until it has passed the junction and you can then turn safely.
Explanation: Passing the moped and turning into the junction could mean that you cut across the front of the rider. This might force them to slow down, stop or even lose control. Slow down and stay behind the moped until it has passed the junction and you can then turn safely.
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Potholes and bumps in the road can unbalance a motorcyclist. For this reason, a rider may swerve to avoid an uneven road surface. Knowing what motorcyclists may do will help you to make allowances for them.
Explanation: Potholes and bumps in the road can unbalance a motorcyclist. For this reason, a rider may swerve to avoid an uneven road surface. Knowing what motorcyclists may do will help you to make allowances for them.
85. You're driving at night in a built-up area. The road is well lit. Why should you use dipped headlights?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You may be difficult to see when you're travelling at night, even on a well-lit road. If you use dipped headlights rather than sidelights, other road users will see you more easily.
Explanation: You may be difficult to see when you're travelling at night, even on a well-lit road. If you use dipped headlights rather than sidelights, other road users will see you more easily.
86. Your vehicle has broken down on a motorway. How would you know where to find the nearest emergency telephone?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: There are marker posts at 100 metre intervals along the hard shoulder of a motorway. The markers direct you to the nearest emergency telephone, so follow them if you've broken down.
Explanation: There are marker posts at 100 metre intervals along the hard shoulder of a motorway. The markers direct you to the nearest emergency telephone, so follow them if you've broken down.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Catalytic converters are designed to reduce toxic exhaust emissions by up to 90%. They have a high normal working temperature and for this reason are inefficient when the engine is cold.
Explanation: Catalytic converters are designed to reduce toxic exhaust emissions by up to 90%. They have a high normal working temperature and for this reason are inefficient when the engine is cold.
88. You're waiting at a pelican crossing. What should you do if pedestrians are halfway across when the lights change to green?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If the lights change to green at a pelican crossing, wait for any pedestrians to finish crossing. Allow them to cross the road in their own time, and don't try to hurry them by revving your engine.
Explanation: If the lights change to green at a pelican crossing, wait for any pedestrians to finish crossing. Allow them to cross the road in their own time, and don't try to hurry them by revving your engine.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: You should stay in the left-hand lane of a motorway unless overtaking. The right-hand lane of a motorway is an overtaking lane and not a 'fast lane'. After overtaking, move back to the left when it's safe to do so.
Explanation: You should stay in the left-hand lane of a motorway unless overtaking. The right-hand lane of a motorway is an overtaking lane and not a 'fast lane'. After overtaking, move back to the left when it's safe to do so.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: When traffic lights are out of order, you should treat the junction as an unmarked crossroads. Be cautious, as you may need to give way or stop. Keep a lookout for traffic attempting to cross the junction at speed.
Explanation: When traffic lights are out of order, you should treat the junction as an unmarked crossroads. Be cautious, as you may need to give way or stop. Keep a lookout for traffic attempting to cross the junction at speed.
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A 60 mph speed limit applies to a vehicle towing a trailer on a motorway; such a vehicle is also not allowed in the right-hand lane of a motorway that has more than two lanes.
Explanation: A 60 mph speed limit applies to a vehicle towing a trailer on a motorway; such a vehicle is also not allowed in the right-hand lane of a motorway that has more than two lanes.
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Large vehicles can hide other vehicles that are overtaking, especially motorcycles. You need to be aware of the possibility of hidden vehicles and not assume that it's safe to emerge.
Explanation: Large vehicles can hide other vehicles that are overtaking, especially motorcycles. You need to be aware of the possibility of hidden vehicles and not assume that it's safe to emerge.
93. Why do motorcyclists often look over their right shoulder just before turning right?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If you see a motorcyclist take a quick glance over their shoulder, this could mean they're about to change direction. Recognising a clue like this helps you to be prepared and take appropriate action, making you safer on the road.
Explanation: If you see a motorcyclist take a quick glance over their shoulder, this could mean they're about to change direction. Recognising a clue like this helps you to be prepared and take appropriate action, making you safer on the road.
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Cyclists and motorcyclists are smaller than other vehicles and so are more difficult to see. They can easily be hidden from your view by cars parked near a junction.
Explanation: Cyclists and motorcyclists are smaller than other vehicles and so are more difficult to see. They can easily be hidden from your view by cars parked near a junction.
95. What should you do if you see two elderly pedestrians about to cross the road ahead?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Elderly people may misjudge how far away you are and how fast you're travelling. This may cause them to step into the road when you would expect a pedestrian to wait. They may also walk slowly and so could take a long time to cross the road.
Explanation: Elderly people may misjudge how far away you are and how fast you're travelling. This may cause them to step into the road when you would expect a pedestrian to wait. They may also walk slowly and so could take a long time to cross the road.
96. What does it mean when you see a pedestrian carrying a white stick that has a red band or bands?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If someone is deaf as well as blind, they may be carrying a white stick with a red reflective band. You can't know whether a pedestrian is deaf. Don't assume that everyone can hear you approaching.
Explanation: If someone is deaf as well as blind, they may be carrying a white stick with a red reflective band. You can't know whether a pedestrian is deaf. Don't assume that everyone can hear you approaching.
97. You wish to turn right. Why should you take up the correct position in good time?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If you wish to turn right into a side road, take up your position in good time. When it's safe to do so, you should position just left of the centre of the road. This will allow following vehicles to pass you on the left. Early positioning will show other traffic what you intend to do.
Explanation: If you wish to turn right into a side road, take up your position in good time. When it's safe to do so, you should position just left of the centre of the road. This will allow following vehicles to pass you on the left. Early positioning will show other traffic what you intend to do.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: You mustn't use a vehicle's horn between 11.30 pm and 7.00 am in a built-up area or when the vehicle is stationary, unless another moving vehicle poses a danger. The horn should be used to alert other road users to your presence.
Explanation: You mustn't use a vehicle's horn between 11.30 pm and 7.00 am in a built-up area or when the vehicle is stationary, unless another moving vehicle poses a danger. The horn should be used to alert other road users to your presence.
99. What should you do when you're being followed by an ambulance showing a flashing blue beacon?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: When an emergency vehicle is behind with its blue lights flashing, you must remain calm and look ahead for a safe place to move over to let it pass. If you're waiting at red traffic lights, don't attempt to clear the way by driving past the red light; this is both dangerous and a traffic offence.
Explanation: When an emergency vehicle is behind with its blue lights flashing, you must remain calm and look ahead for a safe place to move over to let it pass. If you're waiting at red traffic lights, don't attempt to clear the way by driving past the red light; this is both dangerous and a traffic offence.
100. You're driving behind a large vehicle. What will happen if you're too close to it?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Keeping a safe distance behind a large vehicle will increase your view of the road ahead and allow the other driver to see you in their mirrors. This will help you both to see, and act safely on, any hazards that might occur.
Explanation: Keeping a safe distance behind a large vehicle will increase your view of the road ahead and allow the other driver to see you in their mirrors. This will help you both to see, and act safely on, any hazards that might occur.