LGV Theory Test

Free LGV Theory Test


You have 115 minutes (1 hour 55 minutes) to answer 100 multiple choice LGV theory test questions. You must score at least 85 out of 100 to pass the test. Answers may be checked after each question or you can wait until the end of the test to view your results. Best of luck!

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A Use any lane
B Use either the left-hand or middle lane
C Use only the left-hand lane
D Use only the middle lane
Correct Answer: C Use only the left-hand lane
Explanation: Lanes at roadworks often have weight restrictions to keep larger vehicles in the left-hand lane. The lanes through the roadworks are often narrow and therefore not wide enough for large vehicles to pass each other safely. Always look for restriction signs at roadworks. They're usually placed well in advance to give you time to move safely into the correct lane in good time.
A Black/white
B Black/yellow
C Red/white
D Red/yellow
Correct Answer: D Red/yellow
Explanation: All vehicles over 7.5 tonnes maximum authorised mass must have markings on the rear of the vehicle. These markings are rectangular and are coloured red and yellow. They're there to inform other road users of the characteristics of your vehicle. The markings should be kept clean so that they can be seen clearly at all times, especially at night and in poor visibility.
A Every 10 hours
B Every 24 hours
C Every 36 hours
D Every 48 hours
Correct Answer: B Every 24 hours
Explanation: If you're using a vehicle equipped with an analogue tachograph, you'll need at least one chart for every 24 hours. Your employer should supply you with enough tachograph charts for your entire journey.
A To check that the load-sensing valve is operating correctly
B To make sure bricks or debris aren't wedged between the wheels
C To make sure the diff-lock is disengaged
D To make sure the diff-lock is engaged
Correct Answer: B To make sure bricks or debris aren't wedged between the wheels
Explanation: While driving on a building site, bricks, mud or other debris can become lodged between a lorry's double rear wheels. When you leave the site and increase your road speed, anything lodged between the tyres could be thrown out. This flying debris can be a hazard for drivers of following vehicles and can create dangerous road conditions, especially for motorcyclists.
A The container must be held up against the headboard
B The container must be sealed
C The container must be secured by ropes
D The container must be secured using the locking levers
Correct Answer: D The container must be secured using the locking levers
Explanation: ISO (International Standards Organization) cargo containers should only be carried on lorries or trailers with the appropriate securing points. These are designed to lock into the container body.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Keep a check in your mirrors as you're driving to make sure that the sheets are secure. Air can force itself under the sheets and work them loose.
A To make it easier to carry longer loads
B To make it much easier to fold up the sheets
C To stop wind and rain from getting under the sheets
D To stop you tripping when walking on the load
Correct Answer: C To stop wind and rain from getting under the sheets
Explanation: If the load is sheeted incorrectly, the wind may get underneath a sheet, making it flap about. This is dangerous, as it can catch unsuspecting pedestrians or cyclists, and it can also seriously reduce the driver's view of what's happening behind.
A Baffle plates
B Harsh braking
C Spray guards
D Wind deflectors
Correct Answer: A Baffle plates
Explanation: Modern tankers are fitted with baffle plates inside the tank compartment. These help to minimise the movement of liquids and, therefore, reduce the 'wave effect'.
A A laden fuel tanker
B A loaded flat-bed trailer
C A loaded high-sided trailer
D An unladen trailer
Correct Answer: D An unladen trailer
Explanation: Jack-knifing occurs when the tractor unit is pushed by the semi-trailer pivoting around the coupling (fifth wheel). This is more likely to occur with an unladen vehicle.
A When empty
B When laden
C When travelling slowly
D When turning
Correct Answer: A When empty
Explanation: Short-wheelbase vehicles will bounce more noticeably than some long-wheelbase vehicles when empty. This can affect braking efficiency and all-round control.
Correct Answer: B 50 mph
Explanation: The national speed limit for a goods vehicle exceeding 7.5 tonnes on a single carriageway road in England and Wales is 50 mph. In Scotland, the limit is 40 mph. The national speed limit varies for different vehicle categories. You must know the limit that applies to the vehicle you're driving.
A The load will hold the lorry back
B The load will pull your lorry to the right
C The load will push the lorry straight on
D The load will push the lorry to the left
Correct Answer: C The load will push the lorry straight on
Explanation: The forces acting on a lorry will try to move it in a straight line as it enters a bend. The greater the weight, the greater the force. If you're going too fast, there's a danger that you could lose your load or tip over.
A When the load's height exceeds 4.00 metres [13 feet]
B When the load's height exceeds 4.30 metres [14 feet 2 inches]
C When the load's height exceeds 5.00 metres [16 feet 6 inches]
D When the load's height exceeds 5.25 metres [17 feet 6 inches]
Correct Answer: D When the load's height exceeds 5.25 metres [17 feet 6 inches]
Explanation: You should tell telephone companies about your intended route when planning the movement of loads over 5.25 metres [17 feet 6 inches] high. You should tell them in plenty of time before making the journey.
A While you're braking on a bend
B While you're moving off at an angle
C While you're steering at slow speed and fully loaded
D While you're using an endurance brake
Correct Answer: A While you're braking on a bend
Explanation: The forces that act on your vehicle if you brake while cornering can lead to instability and may cause trailer swing. You should try to plan ahead so that you brake smoothly and in good time as you approach a bend.
A Checking your load is secure
B Disconnecting the air lines
C Turning off the radio
D Using the mirrors
Correct Answer: D Using the mirrors
Explanation: When getting out of your lorry cab, it's essential that you check it's safe to dismount by checking your mirrors and looking out for traffic. When you're safely down, it's then a good idea to walk round and check your tyres, load, lights, brake lines, electrical connections, etc.
A When it's fully laden
B When it's unladen
C When only the lower deck is loaded
D When only the top deck is loaded
Correct Answer: D When only the top deck is loaded
Explanation: Keeping the centre of gravity as low as possible will improve the handling of a car transporter. Top-heavy loads are more unstable and require more care when turning and cornering.
A The brakes could fail
B The engine could stall
C The trailer could uncouple
D The vehicle could jack-knife
Correct Answer: D The vehicle could jack-knife
Explanation: Severe braking or selecting a gear too low for your road speed can cause the tractor unit to slow more quickly than the trailer. The trailer can then pivot around the coupling (fifth wheel), causing the vehicle to jack-knife. Jack-knifing is more likely to occur with an unladen vehicle, particularly on a bend or curve.
A It's an offence to deposit mud on a road
B It's an offence to emerge from a works site onto a motorway
C Your lorry's spray-suppression equipment will be inoperative
D Your view from the cab will be obscured by plant machinery
Correct Answer: A It's an offence to deposit mud on a road
Explanation: You should take precautions against dropping mud on the road, because it's a hazard to other road users. It's also an offence for which you could be prosecuted.
Correct Answer: B Blue
Explanation: When connecting a three-line tractor unit to a two-line trailer, the blue line is the one that shouldn't be connected to the trailer. This is the auxiliary line. Always follow the manufacturer's advice: it may be necessary to reconnect the extra line to the tractor unit.
A Making sure the back doors are accessible
B Parking in a quiet area, out of sight
C Parking in a well-lit lorry park
D Showing your papers to anyone who stops you
Correct Answer: C Parking in a well-lit lorry park
Explanation: Load security is one of the many responsibilities of the driver. When choosing a site to park your vehicle overnight, you should always look for a location that's legal and well lit. Many allocated lorry parks are patrolled by the police or security firms.
A Remove spray-suppression equipment
B Use dipped headlights
C Use sidelights only
D Use the two-second rule
Correct Answer: B Use dipped headlights
Explanation: Whenever visibility is reduced, use dipped headlights to make your vehicle easier to see. During and after heavy rain, you should also reduce speed and increase your distance from the vehicle in front.
A After driving over a pedestrian crossing
B Before climbing a steep hill
C When driving round sharp bends
D When traffic is merging from the right or left
Correct Answer: D When traffic is merging from the right or left
Explanation: The size and design of some cabs can create blind spots. This is especially true of a sleeper cab. A quick sideways glance might show something you can't see in your mirrors, especially when traffic is merging.
A Maximum speed 30 mph
B Maximum speed 40 mph
C Maximum speed 50 mph
D Maximum speed 60 mph
Correct Answer: C Maximum speed 50 mph
Explanation: In England and Wales, the national speed limit for lorries over 7.5 tonnes maximum authorised mass on a single carriageway road is 50 mph. In Scotland, the limit is 40 mph.
A Changing lanes
B Overtaking
C Stopping or parking
D Straddling the lines
Correct Answer: C Stopping or parking
Explanation: The hours of operation of Red Routes vary from one area to another. As a rule, you mustn't stop on a Red Route, but there may be special marked boxes where loading and unloading can be carried out at certain times. Look out for signs giving information about the restrictions in place.
Correct Answer: B Monthly
Explanation: A fifth wheel must be maintained properly. It requires regular lubrication and inspection. This should be carried out monthly or every 10 000 km - whichever comes first.
A Always using gears in sequence
B Changing filters regularly
C Keeping the rev counter in the amber band
D Keeping tyres under-inflated
Correct Answer: B Changing filters regularly
Explanation: Poorly maintained engines use more fuel and emit more exhaust fumes than those that are well maintained. Filters need to be changed on a regular basis. Remember that members of the public are encouraged to report vehicles emitting excessive exhaust fumes.
Correct Answer: B 25 tonnes
Explanation: Overloading a vehicle is dangerous. Your stopping distance will increase, and your vehicle could become unstable and difficult to control. You'll need to work out the payload. Do this by taking away the kerbside weight from the maximum authorised mass (MAM). This will give you the maximum weight you can carry.
A You might exceed your kerbside weight
B You might overload an axle
C You'll always have heavy items remaining
D You'll damage the rest of the load
Correct Answer: B You might overload an axle
Explanation: As items are unloaded from the rear of the vehicle, weight will be transferred to the front axle. Take care that this axle doesn't become overloaded. You may need to redistribute the load.
A When you're less than 50 miles away from your depot
B When you're making deliveries that are less than 50 metres apart
C When you're towing at less than 50 mph
D When you're working less than 50 hours in a week
Correct Answer: B When you're making deliveries that are less than 50 metres apart
Explanation: It's compulsory for drivers and passengers to wear seat belts. However, if you're making deliveries that are less than 50 metres apart, you may leave the seat belt undone. It would be impractical to keep fastening and unfastening your seat belt over such short distances.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Vehicles carrying dangerous or hazardous goods need to have markings on them that clearly identify the load. This could, for example, help the emergency services to deal with any incident quickly and safely.
A It expands
B It liquefies
C It shrinks
D It waxes
Correct Answer: A It expands
Explanation: When a full diesel fuel tank heats up, the fuel expands and can be forced out of the breather vent and onto the road. This wastes fuel and makes the road surface very dangerous for other road users.
A 10 times
B 2 times
C 20 times
D 4 times
Correct Answer: A 10 times
Explanation: It's vital that you give yourself enough separation distance when driving on icy roads - ten times as much as in normal conditions. You should brake gently to reduce the risk of losing control.
A They can be given three warnings
B They can be heavily fined
C They can be let off if they're new to using tachographs
D They can have their passport withdrawn
Correct Answer: B They can be heavily fined
Explanation: The driver must take responsibility and follow the drivers' hours and tachograph rules. Failure to do so can result in legal action and penalties - such as a fine.
Correct Answer: B One week
Explanation: If the tachograph on your vehicle becomes faulty, you should take it to an approved tachograph repairer as soon as possible. If you can't return to your base within a week of finding the fault, it must be repaired while you're away. While the tachograph is faulty or broken, you must keep a manual record of your activities.
A 3.6 metres [11 feet 10 inches]
B 4.4 metres [14 feet 5 inches]
C 4.8 metres [16 feet]
D 5 metres [16 feet 6 inches]
Correct Answer: D 5 metres [16 feet 6 inches]
Explanation: The headroom under bridges in the UK is at least 5 metres [16 feet 6 inches], unless otherwise stated. Where the overhead clearance is arched, this headroom is normally only between the limits marked.
A Apply ointment to the burns
B Burst blisters that form on the burns
C Douse the burns with cold water
D Remove anything stuck to the burns
Correct Answer: C Douse the burns with cold water
Explanation: Cold water will cool the burning tissue and help prevent further damage. It will also reduce swelling, minimise shock and alleviate pain. Use water, or any other liquid, that's clean and non-toxic.
A Continue your journey
B Drive to the nearest tyre depot
C Park and phone for assistance
D Use a nut from another wheel
Correct Answer: C Park and phone for assistance
Explanation: If you notice any missing wheel nuts, park and phone for assistance. It's essential that all wheel fixings are in place and tightened to the torque specified by the manufacturer. Checks should be made before you start any journey, but make a visual check every time you start up again after a rest stop.
38. What would be illegal? Mark one answer
A Using a tyre with a recut tread
B Using a tyre with a tread depth of 1.3 mm
C Using a tyre with exposed ply or cord
D Using different makes of tyre on the same axle
Correct Answer: C Using a tyre with exposed ply or cord
Explanation: You should check your tyres as part of your routine check of the vehicle. A damaged tyre - such as one with exposed ply - can have a major effect on your vehicle's handling and will make it a danger to you and other road users.
A Five-eighths
B One-half
C One-quarter
D Three-quarters
Correct Answer: D Three-quarters
Explanation: Keeping your vehicle's tyres in good condition will give them a good grip on the road and will improve the vehicle's overall stability. Each tyre must have at least the minimum legal depth of tread across three-quarters of its width. Renew tyres well before they wear to less than that.
A Adjust the mirrors
B Put the gear lever into reverse
C Remove your tachograph chart
D Switch off the engine
Correct Answer: D Switch off the engine
Explanation: It's an offence to leave a vehicle unattended on a public road with the engine running. Take care if you have to open the cab door directly into the road. Look for passing traffic - especially cyclists or motorcyclists - that may not be visible in your mirrors.
A Loose grab rails near the door
B People crossing the road behind you
C The height of your cab from the ground
D Vehicles passing near the door
Correct Answer: D Vehicles passing near the door
Explanation: It can be dangerous for vehicles passing close by if you open the door carelessly. Always look properly to make sure that it's safe - checking the blind spots as well as using the mirrors - before you get out of the cab.
A Manoeuvre, signal, mirrors
B Manoeuvre, speed, mirrors
C Mirrors, signal, manoeuvre
D Mirrors, speed, manoeuvre
Correct Answer: C Mirrors, signal, manoeuvre
Explanation: Always use the MSM routine when you're approaching a hazard.
M - Mirrors: check the position of the traffic behind you..
S - Signal: signal your intention to slow down or change course in good time..
M - Manoeuvre: a manoeuvre is any change in position, from slowing or stopping the vehicle to turning off a busy road.
A Contraflow bus and cycle lane
B No buses or cycles
C Priority to buses or cycles
D With-flow bus and cycle lane
Correct Answer: D With-flow bus and cycle lane
Explanation: Some lanes are set aside for certain types of vehicle. Signs and road markings show the authorised vehicles in words or pictures. There's usually also a sign showing the times that the lane is in operation. Some lanes might only be in operation for a short time. Check the sign and only use the lane if you're allowed to do so.
A Bridge over the road
B Road ahead ends
C Uneven road surface
D Water across the road
Correct Answer: D Water across the road
Explanation: This sign is found where a shallow stream crosses the road. Heavy rainfall could increase the flow of water. If the water looks too deep or the stream has swelled over a large distance, stop and find another route.
A Vehicles with a mixture of re-cut and new tyres
B Vehicles with a mixture of tyre makes
C Vehicles with faulty spray-suppression equipment
D Vehicles with faulty suspension
Correct Answer: D Vehicles with faulty suspension
Explanation: Suspension faults may result in road damage. Road-friendly suspension reduces the impact on the environment, the road surface and under-road services.
A Larger vehicles
B Oncoming traffic
C Smaller vehicles
D You have priority
Correct Answer: B Oncoming traffic
Explanation: When you see this sign, you must give way to traffic from the opposite direction, regardless of the size of your vehicle.
A Bus route
B Limited loading
C No stopping
D Short-term parking
Correct Answer: C No stopping
Explanation: Double red lines indicate that you're on a Red Route and in a no-stopping area. Red Routes also have single red lines, with signs showing the times that restrictions are in force. There are also parking and loading boxes, which have signs explaining the restrictions that apply.
Correct Answer: B 30 minutes
Explanation: The maximum driving period under EU rules is 4 hours 30 minutes. After this, you must take a break of at least 45 minutes. Planning your route will allow you to take your statutory rest periods in a safe place, such as a service area, where you can get food, drink and a rest.
A Carbon dioxide (black)
B Dry powder (blue)
C Foam (cream)
D Water (red)
Correct Answer: D Water (red)
Explanation: It's very important to know the correct fire extinguisher to use. They'll carry a coloured label or badge telling you their contents. Make sure you learn which extinguisher is which, as using the wrong one could be dangerous and may spread the fire further. For example, you should never use a water extinguisher on burning oil.
A A risk of grounding
B Fallen trees
C Poor visibility
D Steep gradients
Correct Answer: B Fallen trees
Explanation: In severe weather conditions, you should be aware of the dangers of fallen trees or damaged branches that may fall on your vehicle. Be prepared in case a fallen tree is lying across the road just around a bend.
A Avoid driving on motorways after dark
B Don't drive until they're repaired
C Drive only if the weather is good
D Drive only until the light begins to fade
Correct Answer: B Don't drive until they're repaired
Explanation: To comply with the law, all lights must be in good working order, even in daylight when they're not being used. Before you set out, make sure that everything is working and get any faulty lights fixed. You may need to use your headlights or other lights if you're delayed or find yourself driving in conditions of reduced visibility.
A The vehicle will become unstable on corners
B You'll break the law and risk prosecution
C Your speedometer will give an incorrect reading
D Your tachograph reading won't be accurate
Correct Answer: B You'll break the law and risk prosecution
Explanation: It's a legal requirement that your tyres have at least the minimum permitted depth of tread and are in good condition before you start any journey. Make sure that you inspect them before setting off, and at regular intervals.
A In the driver's cab
B In the engine bay
C On the weight plate
D On the windscreen
Correct Answer: A In the driver's cab
Explanation: It's a legal requirement that information about a vehicle's height can be seen by the driver from their seat. It's important to know the height of your vehicle so that you can avoid any height restrictions on your route.
A Across suspension bridges
B Along country lanes
C Through road tunnels
D Up steep hills
Correct Answer: A Across suspension bridges
Explanation: In windy weather, try to avoid routes where you would have to drive across suspension bridges and other exposed stretches of road. Plan a route that takes you across lower ground and where you'll be less exposed.
A Dyslexia
B Heart disorders
C Skin problems
D Stomach problems
Correct Answer: B Heart disorders
Explanation: An illness that could affect you while you're driving, such as a heart condition, may make it unsafe for you to drive. You must tell DVLA if you develop any serious illness or disability that's likely to last more than three months and that could affect your driving. Partial blindness and mental disorders can also prevent you from getting a driving licence for large vehicles.
A At the next service interval
B Shortly afterwards
C When they're cold
D When they're hot
Correct Answer: B Shortly afterwards
Explanation: When refitting a wheel, the nuts should be tightened to the correct torque. They should be rechecked after about 30 minutes if the vehicle hasn't moved, or after 40 to 80 km (25 to 50 miles) of driving.
A More braking effort will be required
B Stopping distances will be decreased
C The load will be more stable
D The vehicle will use more fuel
Correct Answer: A More braking effort will be required
Explanation: Always plan ahead and take note of gradient warning signs. On downhill gradients, you can help control your vehicle's speed and avoid brake fade by selecting a lower gear in good time.
A They may be blown into your path
B They may leave at the next exit
C They may position to turn right
D They may suddenly stop on the hard shoulder
Correct Answer: A They may be blown into your path
Explanation: On motorways, there are often exposed stretches of road where vulnerable vehicles can be affected by side wind. A gust of wind can even blow a motorcyclist out of their lane. Try to anticipate how the wind may affect others and give them plenty of room.
A To check that it's properly adjusted
B To check your road position
C To see if other vehicles have been affected
D To see if the rider is in control of their motorcycle
Correct Answer: D To see if the rider is in control of their motorcycle
Explanation: You must check the nearside mirror during and after overtaking a motorcyclist. Make sure that the rider is still in control and that your vehicle's draught hasn't caused them to lose their balance.
A Your braking distance may be reduced
B Your engine may get flooded
C Your steering may become heavy
D Your tyres may lose grip
Correct Answer: D Your tyres may lose grip
Explanation: In very wet conditions, tyres may be unable to clear all the water from their path. This can result in a layer of water building up between the road and the tyre - a situation known as aquaplaning. To regain control, ease off the accelerator and, as the vehicle slows, the tyres should regain their grip. It's safer to reduce the risk of aquaplaning occurring by driving more slowly in very wet weather.
A Manhole covers will be slippery
B There'll be distracting bright reflections
C Visibility will be reduced by spray from traffic
D Your braking distances will be reduced
Correct Answer: C Visibility will be reduced by spray from traffic
Explanation: Other road users can be affected by the spray from large vehicles, severely reducing their vision. Always take care when you need to change lanes: signal in good time and watch your mirrors carefully before pulling out in these conditions.
A Engage the clutch
B Keep the parking brake on
C Report it as a fault
D Switch your engine off
Correct Answer: B Keep the parking brake on
Explanation: Even though the warning light is showing, there may be sufficient pressure to release the parking brake. However, you mustn't do this, because there may not be enough air pressure to operate the service brake.
A Brake more gently
B Brake much later
C Maintain steering control
D Stop over a long distance
Correct Answer: C Maintain steering control
Explanation: Anti-lock brakes are a driver aid, and can help you maintain steering control while braking. However, you mustn't rely on them to get you out of trouble or expect to be able to make sudden direction changes if you're going too fast.
A On long downhill slopes
B On motorways only
C When braking quickly
D When you stop or park
Correct Answer: A On long downhill slopes
Explanation: An endurance brake can help to control your speed on long downhill slopes without using the service brake. Reducing the use of the service brake helps to prevent the brakes from overheating and reduces the risk of brake fade.
A Brake harshly to a stop
B Drive on until you reach a side road
C Stop immediately wherever you are
D Stop on the left as soon as it's safe
Correct Answer: D Stop on the left as soon as it's safe
Explanation: If a police officer signals for you to stop, stop as soon as possible in a safe place on the left.
A Be very careful when dealing with junctions
B Find a safe place to stop
C Reduce your speed to less than 30 mph
D Steer your vehicle with one hand
Correct Answer: B Find a safe place to stop
Explanation: Telephone calls can distract you, meaning that you're not in proper control of your vehicle. If you need to use a telephone when driving, find a safe place to stop first. Better still, use a phone answering service and listen to your messages at the end of your journey.
A There may be another vehicle coming
B They may be distracted
C They may not be ready to cross
D They may not see your signal
Correct Answer: A There may be another vehicle coming
Explanation: You should always try to stop, if it's safe, for people waiting at pedestrian crossings. However, avoid waving them to cross. Another driver may not have seen them, may not have seen your signal or may not be able to stop safely.
A Ask your friend whether taking the medicine affected their driving
B Check the label to see whether the medicine will affect your driving
C Drink some strong coffee
D Make a short journey to see whether the medicine is affecting your driving
Correct Answer: B Check the label to see whether the medicine will affect your driving
Explanation: Never drive after taking drugs you don't know about. They might affect your judgement and perception - and, therefore, endanger lives.
A Ensure a supply of fresh air
B Gently tap the steering wheel
C Increase your speed to find a stopping place more quickly
D Keep changing speed to improve your concentration
Correct Answer: A Ensure a supply of fresh air
Explanation: If you're travelling on a long journey, plan your route before you leave. This will help you to
  • be decisive at intersections and junctions
  • plan your rest stops
  • know approximately how long the journey will take.
Make sure that the vehicle you're travelling in is well ventilated. A warm, stuffy atmosphere can make you drowsy, which will impair your judgement and perception.
A It will be easier to change direction
B It will increase fuel consumption
C It will need more engine power
D It will take longer to stop
Correct Answer: D It will take longer to stop
Explanation: When driving downhill, gravity will cause the vehicle to increase speed. More braking effort will be required, and stopping distances will increase.
A You're likely to be distracted
B Your engine will overheat
C Your view ahead is reduced
D Your view to the rear is reduced
Correct Answer: C Your view ahead is reduced
Explanation: Tailgating is very dangerous because there isn't enough room to stop if an emergency arises. It's also intimidating for the driver that you're following.
A Traffic ahead moving into the right-hand lane
B Traffic behind in the right-hand lane, returning to the middle lane
C Traffic behind that's trying to pass on your left
D Traffic that's intending to leave at the next exit
Correct Answer: B Traffic behind in the right-hand lane, returning to the middle lane
Explanation: Traffic behind that's returning from the right-hand lane is a hazard to be aware of before you move into the middle lane to overtake. Checking your blind spot can help you see these vehicles before you commit to changing lanes.
A When coming to contraflow systems
B When driving on motorways
C When they need to avoid braking sharply
D When they need to avoid mounting the kerb
Correct Answer: D When they need to avoid mounting the kerb
Explanation: When you have to straddle the lanes at small roundabouts or junctions, always signal in good time. Be alert for inexperienced road users who may, without realising, put themselves into a dangerous position.
A Change quickly to a higher gear
B Check your position in the left-hand mirror
C Close right up before pulling out
D Look well ahead for uphill gradients
Correct Answer: D Look well ahead for uphill gradients
Explanation: Plan your overtaking carefully. The weight of your vehicle, combined with the restrictions imposed by a speed limiter, is likely to make your vehicle lose speed on uphill gradients. You should take this into consideration before attempting to overtake another moving vehicle.
A Be careful; they might misjudge your speed
B Expect them to wait for you to pass
C Speed up to get past them quickly
D Stop and wave them across the road
Correct Answer: A Be careful; they might misjudge your speed
Explanation: Elderly pedestrians may have impaired judgement, hearing and/or vision. Be aware that, if they do start to cross, they could take more time to do so.
A It helps to keep them cool in summer
B The colours are popular
C They must do so by law
D To help other road users to see them
Correct Answer: D To help other road users to see them
Explanation: Although they're advised to wear clothing that's bright or reflective, motorcyclists often wear clothing that's mainly black. This can make them difficult to see, so you must look carefully for them.
A Close your sunroof
B Remove your sunglasses
C Switch off your radio
D Switch on your windscreen wipers
Correct Answer: B Remove your sunglasses
Explanation: Before driving into a tunnel, you should take off your sunglasses. If you don't, you'll find that your vision is restricted - even in a tunnel that appears to be well lit.
A Use dipped headlights
B Use front spotlights
C Use parking lights
D Use rear fog lights
Correct Answer: A Use dipped headlights
Explanation: Before entering a tunnel, you should switch on your dipped headlights; these help you to see and be seen. In many tunnels, using headlights is a legal requirement. You should also remove your sunglasses before you drive into a tunnel.
A When visibility is more than 10 metres (32 feet)
B When visibility is more than 100 metres (328 feet)
C When visibility is more than 50 metres (164 feet)
D When visibility is more than 75 metres (246 feet)
Correct Answer: B When visibility is more than 100 metres (328 feet)
Explanation: Switch off your fog lights when fog starts to clear and visibility improves to more than 100 metres (328 feet). Don't leave your fog lights on when the fog has cleared, because they can cause unnecessary glare or distraction for other drivers.
Correct Answer: B The left-hand lane
Explanation: White reflective studs separate each of the lanes. Red studs mark the left-hand edge of the carriageway, where the hard shoulder begins.
A It will divert your attention
B It will improve your safety
C It will increase your concentration
D It will reduce your view
Correct Answer: A It will divert your attention
Explanation: While you're using a phone, your attention will be divided between the call and the road. This means you're unable to take in all that's happening around your vehicle. You need to be concentrating on your driving all of the time, and especially when dealing with a hazard.
A Distance to level crossing
B Goods-vehicle weight limit
C Maximum passenger capacity
D Tramway speed limit
Correct Answer: D Tramway speed limit
Explanation: Trams are becoming increasingly common in large towns and cities, as the move to more environmentally friendly transport continues. They may either cross the road you're driving on or share it with you. Always be aware of their virtually silent approach, and look out for places where you may be required to give way to them.
A At least a one-second gap
B At least a two-second gap
C One vehicle length
D Two vehicle lengths
Correct Answer: B At least a two-second gap
Explanation: Tailgating' - travelling too close to the vehicle in front - is very dangerous, because it doesn't give you enough distance to stop safely. Leave at least a two-second gap in good conditions, and increase this to four seconds in wet weather.
A Raise their legs to help with circulation
B Remove any obstruction from their mouth
C Tilt their head as far forward as possible
D Try to give them something to drink
Correct Answer: B Remove any obstruction from their mouth
Explanation: To help a casualty who isn't breathing, you should remove any obstructions from their mouth and tilt their head back slightly. These actions will help to keep their airway clear and maintain the correct position if mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is required.
A The Bus, Coach and Commercial Vehicle Council
B The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency
C The Road Transport Industry Training Body
D The Traffic Commissioner
Correct Answer: D The Traffic Commissioner
Explanation: DVSA and the police carry out frequent roadside checks of commercial vehicles. Where serious defects are found, the vehicle is taken out of use until they're put right. Details of the prohibition are shared with the traffic commissioner.
A Ask a passenger to assist by waving you out when it's clear
B Ease forward until you can see clearly in all directions
C Edge out until you're about 1 metre (3 feet 3 inches) over the 'give way' lines
D Lean forward to get a better view without crossing the 'give way' lines
Correct Answer: B Ease forward until you can see clearly in all directions
Explanation: When emerging, if you can't see, don't go. Be aware that there could be an approaching cyclist or motorcyclist hidden by parked vehicles. Edge out very slowly, checking in all directions, and be ready to stop.
A Drive alongside and watch the cyclist in your mirrors
B Overtake the cyclist before the junction
C Sound your horn to warn the cyclist to wait
D Wait until the cyclist has passed the junction
Correct Answer: D Wait until the cyclist has passed the junction
Explanation: Stay back and allow the cyclist to proceed. You mustn't cut across in front of them. Also be aware of any cyclists who may try to pass on your left as you slow for the turn.
A Breakdown vehicles
B Filtering motorcyclists
C Private-hire taxis
D Traffic cones
Correct Answer: B Filtering motorcyclists
Explanation: In slow-moving traffic, particularly on dual carriageways or motorways, always be on the lookout for motorcyclists who approach from behind and filter through narrow gaps between vehicles.
A Bus drivers
B Car drivers
C Lorry drivers
D Motorcyclists
Correct Answer: D Motorcyclists
Explanation: Junctions are especially risky for some road users - particularly motorcyclists, cyclists, pedestrians and mobility-scooter users. Their small size means they're easily hidden from view. At busy junctions, scan the near, middle and far distance to identify all hazards before emerging with a long vehicle.
A Alcoholics Anonymous
B The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency
C The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency
D The local hospital
Correct Answer: B The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency
Explanation: If you're disqualified from driving because you were two-and-a-half times over the legal limit, you'll be classified as a high-risk offender. Before you can regain your licence, you'll have to satisfy the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) that you don't have an alcohol problem.
A By displaying a 'stop' sign
B By displaying a red light
C By giving you an arm signal
D By pointing to children on the opposite pavement
Correct Answer: A By displaying a 'stop' sign
Explanation: If a school crossing patrol steps out into the road with a 'stop' sign, you must stop. Don't wave anyone across the road or get impatient and rev your engine.
A They may be filtering between the lanes
B They may have panniers fitted to their motorcycle
C They may ride in single file
D They may ride with their headlights on dipped beam
Correct Answer: A They may be filtering between the lanes
Explanation: In queuing traffic, motorcyclists may take the opportunity to filter between the lanes. Be aware that they may pass on either side and very close. Stay alert and always check your mirrors and blind spots before moving off, changing lanes or turning.
A 1 tonne weight limit ahead
B Left-hand lane closed ahead
C Right-hand lane closed ahead
D T-junction 1 mile ahead
Correct Answer: C Right-hand lane closed ahead
Explanation: Four amber lights flash in alternate horizontal pairs to provide a warning and to draw the driver's attention to the message displayed.
A It will help to ease congestion
B There'll be fewer roadworks
C You'll travel a much shorter distance
D Your vehicle will use more fuel
Correct Answer: A It will help to ease congestion
Explanation: Avoiding busy times means that you're not adding needlessly to traffic congestion. Other advantages are that you'll use less fuel and you may have an easier journey, making you feel less stressed.
A 500
B 1000
C 5000
D Unlimited
Correct Answer: D Unlimited
Explanation: It's a serious offence to drive without insurance. As well as an unlimited fine, you may be disqualified or given penalty points.
A Five years
B One year
C Ten years
D Three years
Correct Answer: A Five years
Explanation: Digital tachograph driver smart cards are valid for a maximum of five years. You should receive a reminder about three months before the expiry date. However, it's your responsibility to make sure that you apply for a new card at least 15 days before the old one expires.
A A hygiene test
B A literacy test
C A numeracy test
D An eyesight test
Correct Answer: D An eyesight test
Explanation: If you apply for a PCV or LGV licence, you must demonstrate that your eyesight is good enough to drive safely. DVLA (or DVA in Northern Ireland) can give you specific information about this. It's your responsibility to tell DVLA or DVA if your eyesight changes or you can't meet the requirements.
A To check for any defects
B To check for any parking violations
C To check your route
D To check your schedule
Correct Answer: A To check for any defects
Explanation: You have a legal responsibility to make sure that your vehicle is fully roadworthy. Daily walk-round checks give you the chance to look for any defects with your vehicle.
A At least 23 metres (75 feet)
B At least 36 metres (118 feet)
C At least 53 metres (175 feet)
D At least 73 metres (240 feet)
Correct Answer: C At least 53 metres (175 feet)
Explanation: You should always leave a safety margin between your vehicle and the one in front. This gap will give you a better view of the road ahead. It will also allow you time to react if the traffic in front changes speed or direction.
A Clear a parking area for the emergency services
B Get the casualties to drink something sweet
C Make sure the emergency services have been called
D Pull people who are hurt out of their vehicles
Correct Answer: C Make sure the emergency services have been called
Explanation: Make sure you or someone else has called the emergency services. Check the casualties and, if you feel able to give first aid, do so. Alternatively, ask any bystanders if they can help.

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About the LGV Theory Test

The LGV theory test module, has two parts: a multiple-choice part, and a hazard perception part. Both of these parts are taken as on-screen tests.

Before taking your practical test, you need to pass both parts of the LGV theory test. However, the order in which you take them does not matter – and you don’t even need to take them in the same sitting. If you need to take the Driver CPC case studies test, it is possible to sit this before taking any part of the theory test, or after completing both parts.

As you begin, you must have a sound awareness of the differences between driving smaller vehicles and larger vehicles – such as lorries or buses.

Similarly, you should have a solid understanding of The Highway Code, which includes familiarity with traffic signs, road markings and their meanings. Special effort should be made to be aware of signs informing you of restrictions for buses or lorries.

This knowledge, mentioned above, is assessed through multiple choice questions in the first part of the theory test.

Despite the requirement of passing your LGV theory test before taking the practical test, it is advised that you begin studying for the theory test as soon as you can. But we would warn against actually taking it until after you have gained some practical experience behind the wheel of a large vehicle.

Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC)

The Driver CPC is a qualification, now introduced throughout the European Union, for professional drivers of buses, coaches and lorries. It is now a requirement that drivers of buses, coaches and lorries hold a Driver CPC if they wish to drive these larger vehicles as part of their profession.

To initially qualify, drivers must pass a theory test concerning case studies. This test is taken as well as the multiple-choice theory test, and the hazard perception test. In terms of practical components, an extra practical demonstration test must be also passed in order to obtain a Driver CPC.

Multiple Choice Questions

There are 100 multiple choice questions in this part of the LGV theory test.

To answer the questions in this part of the test, you must select your answer by either touching the screen or using the mouse provided.

Before beginning the test, you will have an opportunity to practice a few questions – for no more than 15 minutes – to help you get used to the system. Test centre staff will be on hand to assist you if you encounter any problems.

When the test starts, the questions will test your knowledge of several areas concerning road safety, the environment and documents related to driving. In addition, some questions will address other factors which are specific to the driving of large vehicles – these can include passenger care and load safety, among others. At any time, only one question will be on the screen and you will be instructed to mark one correct answer.

To select your chosen answer, you must touch or click the box next to the answer you believe is the right one. If you change your mind and want to deselect that answer, you need only touch or click it for a second time. You may then choose another answer by touching or clicking a different box.

Take care to read the questions thoroughly and make sure you understand what you are being asked. Try not to rush – you have 115 minutes for this part of the LGV theory test and remaining calm is key to success. Some questions will require more time than others to answer, but none are designed to catch you out.  You will be able to see, on the screen, the amount of time left to complete the test.

If you have special needs, you may be entitled to extra time – so please ensure that you let us know about this when you are booking your test.

It is possible to move back and forth between questions and you may also ‘flag’ questions to remind yourself to look at them again. Changing your answers, as explained above, is simple if you would like to do so.

Try to answer every question on the test. If you have prepared well, then the questions should be relatively straightforward.

Before the end of this part of the test, you can use the ‘review’ feature to check your answers, if you have time. Should you wish to finish your test before the full 115 minutes have passed, then you can touch or click the ‘review’ button. Then, select the ‘end’ button on the review screen. This is the screen you will see after touching or clicking the review button.

LGV Hazard Perception Test

The LGV hazard perception test contains several computer-generated image (CGI) video clips, shown from the point of view of a driver. For this part of the test, you will be using the mouse provided.

Before beginning this part of the test, you will see a brief CGI presentation which explains the format of the test and includes a sample clip for you to see. After watching this, you will have a clearer understanding of what you need to do for this test. If you would like some clarification or if you missed a part, you may replay these initial videos.

In the test itself, you will see 19 CGI video clips. Each one will contain one or more developing hazards. This test assesses your ability to spot hazards early, so you should press the mouse button as soon as you see a hazard developing which may require you, as the driver, to change speed or direction or take some other action. The earlier you notice these developing hazards, responding with a click of the mouse, the higher your score will be. There are 20 hazards available for you to earn points from.

When you respond, the video will continue to play unchanged, but a red flag will appear at the bottom of your screen to acknowledge your response.

Before each new clip starts playing, there will be a 10-second pause to enable you to observe the new scenario and get your bearings.

You will be given 25 minutes to complete the LGV hazard perception test. No extra time is available for the hazard perception component and you will not be allowed to replay any of the clips you watched after the test began. This is because, in reality, you only get one chance to see a hazard on the road while driving.

The Result

After you have completed both parts of the LGV theory test, you should receive your result within 10 minutes. This should also include your module score.

The multiple-choice and hazard perception tests, while independent in terms of the order or sitting you take them in, must both be passed in order to pass the theory test. If you need to take the Driver CPC case studies test, this may be sat either before or after completing both the multiple-choice and hazard perception tests. Both the theory test and, if you’re taking it, the case studies test must be passed before you take the practical test.

After the LGV Theory Test

After passing both parts, you will receive a pass letter in the post. It is important that you keep this safe because it will contain the pass certificate number that you’ll need to allow you to book your practical test.

The pass certificate will be valid for two years, beginning on the date that you passed the first part of the LGV theory test (whichever part you took first). Therefore, you must pass the practical test – for the category of vehicle you intend to drive – within this two-year window. If you fail to do so, you will have to sit both parts of the theory test again and pass them before you are able to book your practical test again.

Drivers who wish to drive professionally will also need to pass the Driver CPC case study test, as we have emphasised above. This case study test is, again, an on-screen test administered at a test centre.

The case studies presented in the test are based on situations that you may experience on the job. This format will test your knowledge and basic understanding by assessing how effectively you apply your skills to real life.

The questions you will have to answer will be based on these scenarios. You will be asked to answer them in one of two ways:

  • Choosing the correct answer in a multiple-choice question
  • Clicking an area of an image or photograph

The test, with introductory screens included, lasts for 90 minutes. You will be examined on 6-8 case studies, each with 5-10 questions attached to them.

LGV Driving Test

The next stage in your development as a driver is to prepare for and take the practical driving test. If you intend to drive a large vehicle professionally, you must take two practical tests as part of the Driver CPC qualification:

Medical Requirements

You, as a driver of large vehicles, will likely be responsible for safely transporting passengers or goods. Therefore, it is imperative that you meet detailed and specific medical criteria. These medical requirements apply to both large goods vehicles (LGV) and PCV licences.

To hold either a PCV or LGV licence, your eyesight must meet the high standard required.

If you have a disability, you may drive a vehicle if it has been specially adapted for you and your needs. You should otherwise be fit and must not suffer from any condition that affects your ability to remain in control of a large vehicle.

You are, by law, required to undergo a medical assessment, conducted by a doctor. The doctor must then complete a D4 medical report form (DLM1 in Northern Ireland), and this must be sent in with your licence application.