Band 2 traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians, mechanical knowledge

There are 264 Band 2 (traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians, mechanical knowledge) questions in this test. You must get 85% (224 out of 264) to pass. You may review answers after each question by clicking the 'check answer' button or you can wait until the end of the test for your final score. Good luck!

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A By allowing you to apply cadence braking
B By making the brakes more powerful
C By preventing the wheels from locking up
D By taking over responsibility for driving
Correct Answer: C By preventing the wheels from locking up
Explanation: An anti-lock braking system (ABS) prevents the wheels from locking, so you can continue to steer the vehicle during heavy braking. ABS doesn't replace the need to plan well ahead and brake smoothly and progressively.
A To pass a road sweeper travelling at 15 mph
B To pass a tractor travelling at 20 mph
C To pass a traffic queue at a junction
D To pass parked vehicles on your side of the road
Correct Answer: D To pass parked vehicles on your side of the road
Explanation: When it's safe to do so, you may cross the solid white line to pass a stationary vehicle or to pass a pedal cycle, horse or road maintenance vehicle if they're travelling at 10 mph or less. You may also cross the solid line to enter a side road or access a property.
A The vehicle is a doctor's car
B The vehicle is a fire engine
C The vehicle is carrying flammable goods
D The vehicle is slow-moving
Correct Answer: D The vehicle is slow-moving
Explanation: Slow-moving vehicles, such as a salt spreader or breakdown vehicle, may use a flashing amber beacon. On unrestricted dual carriageways, vehicles with a maximum speed of 25 mph (40 km/h) or less must use a flashing amber beacon.
A You're approaching a slow-moving vehicle
B You're approaching an incident black spot
C You're approaching an organised walk
D You're approaching roadworks
Correct Answer: C You're approaching an organised walk
Explanation: The people involved in an organised walk should be keeping to the left. The walker at the back of the group should be showing a red light, while the one at the front should show a white light. Pass slowly and safely, and be aware that the pedestrians have their backs to you and might not know that you're there.
A Check your exhaust
B Stop and check the tyres
C Stop and dry the brakes
D Test your brakes
Correct Answer: D Test your brakes
Explanation: After driving through flood water, it's important to make sure the brakes are working properly. Check for other traffic and, when it's safe, test your brakes. If necessary, dry them out by applying light pressure to the footbrake while driving along slowly.
A Accelerate briskly through the gears
B Brake later than normal but without skidding
C Look and plan further ahead
D Use your car mainly for short journeys
Correct Answer: C Look and plan further ahead
Explanation: Late braking and harsh acceleration waste fuel. To avoid this, scan and look well ahead so that you can recognise hazards and anticipate problems in good time.
A Give way to the pedestrian
B Reverse before the pedestrian starts to cross
C Wave to the pedestrian to cross
D Wave to the pedestrian to stop
Correct Answer: A Give way to the pedestrian
Explanation: Look all around before and during any manoeuvre. Always stop and give way to any pedestrians who wish to cross the road behind your vehicle. The shape and size of your vehicle can restrict visibility; be aware that there may be a small child or a low obstruction hidden from view.
A Briefly use the hazard warning lights
B Briefly use the rear fog lights
C Switch on the hazard warning lights and leave them on
D Switch on the headlights and leave them on
Correct Answer: A Briefly use the hazard warning lights
Explanation: While the car is in motion, hazard warning lights are only allowed to be used if you're travelling on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway and you want to warn traffic behind of a hazard ahead. Only use them for a short period of time - just long enough to ensure that your warning has been seen.
A Doors before parking brake
B Fuel quantity before doors
C Mirrors before seat position
D Seat belt before parking brake
Correct Answer: A Doors before parking brake
Explanation: The cockpit drill is a logical sequence of safety checks. New drivers should be trained to go through them methodically and in sequence every time they get into a vehicle. Briefly, these checks are
- doors closed
- parking brake set
- driver's seat position
- head restraint adjusted
- mirrors adjusted
- seat belts fastened
- gear lever in neutral (check parking brake again)
- fuel.
A Brake firmly at first, ease the pressure, then increase it again until the car stops
B Brake firmly at first, then use the cadence braking technique
C Brake progressively and smoothly, easing off as the car comes to a stop
D Brake sharply at first, then maintain a firm pressure until the car stops
Correct Answer: C Brake progressively and smoothly, easing off as the car comes to a stop
Explanation: Bringing a car smoothly and accurately to a stop is a driving skill that needs teaching and practice. Braking progressively, then easing off the brake before the car stops, saves fuel. It's also more comfortable for passengers.
A Give signals earlier
B Keep well to the left of your lane
C Make full use of the mirrors
D Use hand signals when turning
Correct Answer: C Make full use of the mirrors
Explanation: In a left-hand-drive vehicle, use of the mirrors and awareness of blind areas is very important. Being seated on the car's left makes the blind area on your right more difficult to overcome. For example, when joining a dual carriageway or motorway from a slip road, traffic on the carriageway will be approaching in the blind area on your right and could easily be overlooked.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The recognised arm signal to a person controlling traffic when going ahead is shown in The Highway Code: use your left hand, held up, with the palm facing forward. This is easily distinguished by the traffic controller and allows them to control the traffic flow efficiently, keeping it moving.
A It will alternate from one side of the car to the other
B It's evenly distributed between the front and rear wheels
C The front wheels
D The rear wheels
Correct Answer: C The front wheels
Explanation: When brakes are applied on a car moving in a straight line, they slow the rotation of the wheels but the rest of the car tries to continue moving forward. This shifts more of the car's weight onto the front wheels, making steering more difficult. If the car is cornering when the brakes are applied, the weight shifts both forward and towards the outside of the bend, thus the weight is loaded onto one front wheel. In severe cases, this can lead to skidding or even cause the car to roll over.
A Air in the hydraulic system
B Incorrectly adjusted pedal linkages
C Worn brake pads
D Worn discs
Correct Answer: A Air in the hydraulic system
Explanation: If you operate the brakes when air is in the hydraulic system, they'll have a spongy feel and braking efficiency will be reduced. This is because the air in the system is being compressed as you brake; hydraulic brake fluid alone can't be compressed. If you notice there's a fault with your brakes, have them checked as soon as possible. Don't drive with faulty brakes.
A Facial injury
B Knee injury
C Whiplash injury
D Wrist injury
Correct Answer: C Whiplash injury
Explanation: A properly adjusted head restraint can help to prevent whiplash injury to the neck and spine. You're most likely to suffer this type of injury if you're hit from behind by another vehicle.
A At least as high as the eyes or top of the ears
B At least as high as the shoulders
C In the highest position and tilted backwards
D In the lowest position and pointing forwards
Correct Answer: A At least as high as the eyes or top of the ears
Explanation: An incorrectly adjusted head restraint will offer reduced protection against whiplash injury. When adjusting the head restraint, set it so that it's at least as high as the eyes or top of the ears.
A Abdominal injuries
B Arm and leg injuries
C Hip injuries
D Neck and spine injuries
Correct Answer: D Neck and spine injuries
Explanation: Head restraints are provided to protect against neck and spine injuries, commonly referred to as 'whiplash'. They should be correctly adjusted before the start of every journey. An incorrectly adjusted head restraint will offer reduced protection.
A Use a low gear and spin the wheels to clear the snow
B Use the highest gear and keep the engine revs high
C Use the highest gear you can, with gentle acceleration
D Use the lowest gear you can and accelerate quickly
Correct Answer: C Use the highest gear you can, with gentle acceleration
Explanation: To reduce the risk of wheelspin when moving off on a slippery surface, use a higher gear than normal. This will reduce the amount of torque transmitted to the driven wheels. Gentle use of the accelerator will also make it easier for the tyres to keep their grip.
A Drive through as quickly as possible and don't touch the brakes
B Drive through quickly while keeping your left foot on the brake
C Drive very slowly in first gear, keeping the engine speed high
D Drive very slowly in first gear, keeping the engine speed very low
Correct Answer: C Drive very slowly in first gear, keeping the engine speed high
Explanation: When driving through shallow flood water or fords, drive through slowly, in a low gear, while keeping the engine speed high by slipping the clutch; this should prevent water from entering the exhaust system. Check for traffic behind you and, if it's safe to do so, try your brakes as soon as you're clear of the water. Don't attempt to drive through deep or fast-flowing flood water.
A Brake firmly and steer to the left
B Brake sharply and steer to the right
C Change gear and relax your grip on the steering wheel
D Hold the steering wheel firmly and let the car stop gradually
Correct Answer: D Hold the steering wheel firmly and let the car stop gradually
Explanation: Try not to panic if a tyre bursts while you're driving. Take your foot off the accelerator and avoid braking suddenly. Try to steer a straight course while holding the wheel firmly.
A Excessive road camber
B The brakes on the left side are inefficient
C The road surface is uneven
D The wheels need balancing
Correct Answer: B The brakes on the left side are inefficient
Explanation: If the vehicle pulls to one side when braking, this usually means there's a fault with the brakes on the opposing side. Check your brakes daily - and if you suspect any fault, have them checked as soon as possible. Don't drive with faulty brakes.
A Engage the highest gear to keep the engine revs as low as possible
B Pump the footbrake to prevent the brakes from overheating
C Switch the engine off and coast to save fuel
D Use a combination of a lower gear and the footbrake
Correct Answer: D Use a combination of a lower gear and the footbrake
Explanation: Using a lower gear will allow the engine braking to assist the brakes in keeping the vehicle's speed under control. Avoid coasting with the clutch held down or rolling in neutral, as there will then be no engine braking.
A Drive at a normal speed until the brakes work properly
B Drive slowly and apply light pressure to the footbrake
C Stop and pump the brake pedal several times
D Stop at the nearest garage and have the brakes looked at
Correct Answer: B Drive slowly and apply light pressure to the footbrake
Explanation: Before you test the brakes, don't forget to check for traffic behind. If it's safe, drive slowly and gently apply the brakes until they dry out and work properly again.
A Don't sound the horn
B No parking at any time
C Parking allowed only for a short time
D Slow down to 20 mph
Correct Answer: B No parking at any time
Explanation: The approach to and exit from a pedestrian crossing is marked with zigzag lines. You mustn't park in this area, as it would block the view for pedestrians and traffic. Overtaking the leading vehicle on approach to a crossing is also illegal.
A A broken-down vehicle
B A private ambulance
C A school bus
D An ice-cream van
Correct Answer: C A school bus
Explanation: Buses that carry children to and from school may stop at places other than scheduled bus stops. Be aware that they might pull over at any time to allow children to get on or off. This will often be when traffic is heavy during the daily commute.
A A damaged exhaust system
B Gentle use of the accelerator
C Having the wheels out of alignment
D The type of gearbox
Correct Answer: C Having the wheels out of alignment
Explanation: If your tyres show uneven or excessive wear, have the alignment checked. This is often called tracking, and it can be carried out by most garages or tyre-fitting businesses.
A Encourage waiting pedestrians to cross
B Give way to pedestrians who are crossing
C Only continue when the green light appears
D Stop even if the crossing is clear
Correct Answer: B Give way to pedestrians who are crossing
Explanation: At a pelican crossing, there's a phase where the amber light flashes. This will show after the red light and gives pedestrians time to finish crossing safely. For drivers, the flashing amber light means they may drive on if the crossing is completely clear, but they must wait if pedestrians are still on the crossing.
A 20 mph
B 25 mph
C 35 mph
D 40 mph
Correct Answer: A 20 mph
Explanation: In some built-up areas, the speed limit may be reduced to 20 mph. Where there are traffic-calming features, the speed limit may be signed as a 20 mph zone with no repeater signs within the zone. Where there are no traffic-calming features, the 20 mph speed limit is signed at each end of the street and with repeater signs in between. Driving at a slower speed will help give you the time and space to see and deal safely with hazards such as pedestrians and parked cars.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If you've driven through a ford, your brakes may be wet. This can make them less effective. Make sure it's safe, then try them by pushing gently on the brake pedal. If they're not fully effective, gently apply light pressure while driving slowly. This will help to dry them out.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A blue rectangular sign showing a bicycle with a lane line indicates a mandatory route for cyclists. In addition to the road sign, this cycle lane will be separated from other traffic by a solid white line. You mustn't drive or park in the cycle lane during its times of operation.
A Call the fire service
B Open the bonnet and put out the flames
C Remove the coolant cap
D Remove the oil cap
Correct Answer: A Call the fire service
Explanation: If your vehicle catches fire, quickly get the occupants out of the vehicle and to a safe place. Don't attempt to put out a fire in the engine compartment. Opening the bonnet will give the fire more oxygen and make it flare up. Call the fire service.
A To guide you into position as you turn
B To make you more aware of the traffic lights
C To prevent the junction from becoming blocked
D To show you where to stop when the lights change
Correct Answer: C To prevent the junction from becoming blocked
Explanation: Box junctions are designed to keep junctions clear by preventing vehicles from stopping in the path of crossing traffic. A pupil should be taught not to enter the yellow-box area if their exit road isn't clear. The only exception is when a driver wants to turn right but is prevented from doing so by oncoming traffic.
A Oncoming vehicles have priority
B The national speed limit applies
C There's a hazard ahead
D You may now overtake
Correct Answer: C There's a hazard ahead
Explanation: A long white line with short gaps means that you're approaching a hazard. Don't cross the line unless you really need to. If you do need to cross the line, make sure that the road ahead is clear before doing so.
A It allows the driven wheels to rotate in opposite directions
B It allows the driven wheels to turn at the same speed
C It allows the inner driven wheel to turn more slowly than the outer wheel
D It allows the outer driven wheel to turn more slowly than the inner wheel
Correct Answer: C It allows the inner driven wheel to turn more slowly than the outer wheel
Explanation: The differential mechanism enables the inside wheel to turn at a slower rate than the outer wheel when the car is being driven on a curve. This helps both stability and grip while the car is cornering or turning.
A It shows an alternative route for non-motorway traffic
B Motorway regulations apply on the road immediately ahead
C The road ahead is being upgraded to a motorway
D The road ahead leads to a junction with a motorway
Correct Answer: D The road ahead leads to a junction with a motorway
Explanation: A motorway number in brackets on a blue patch means that a motorway junction will be reached by following the route indicated.
A All traffic ahead is travelling in the same direction
B Overtaking is prohibited until you see a sign cancelling the restriction
C Overtaking isn't recommended, but it isn't prohibited
D There's adequate visibility to overtake safely
Correct Answer: B Overtaking is prohibited until you see a sign cancelling the restriction
Explanation: This sign means it's illegal to overtake. It may have a black-and-white plate telling you over what distance the prohibition applies. There will normally be a sign with an 'End' plate where the prohibition ends.
A Continue in the left-hand lane, as all three lanes carry on through the junction
B Move across to the middle lane, as the left-hand lane leaves at the junction
C Move across to the right-hand lane, as this is the only one that goes ahead at the junction
D Straddle both the left-hand and middle lanes, as you're not sure which lane to use
Correct Answer: A Continue in the left-hand lane, as all three lanes carry on through the junction
Explanation: This sign tells you that all lanes continue through the junction. Traffic leaving at the junction does so by using a slip road. There will normally be countdown markers before the slip road.
A
B
C
D
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The white circular sign with a red border and no symbol means 'no vehicles', including ridden pedal cycles. It's always used with a plate: mostly 'no vehicles', but occasionally 'play street'. Exemptions and times of operation may also be shown on the plate.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The sign means 'Give way to oncoming vehicles', and it will be used where the road narrows; for example, where traffic-calming build-outs reduce the road width. It should not be confused with the blue rectangular sign that gives priority in the other direction.
A Direction to a campsite
B Direction to a tourist attraction
C Emergency diversion route
D Route for high vehicles only
Correct Answer: C Emergency diversion route
Explanation: Where it's necessary to temporarily close a motorway or other main road, signs will be displayed advising drivers to follow a particular symbol in order to rejoin their route. These symbols are often permanently displayed on direction signs.
A A sudden change in the road surface condition
B An overgrown ditch or soft verge alongside the road
C Possible flooding or deep water at a ford
D There may be oncoming vehicles out of sight
Correct Answer: D There may be oncoming vehicles out of sight
Explanation: Where there's a hidden dip (dead ground), you should be aware that there could be oncoming vehicles out of sight between you and the road in the distance. Don't start to overtake until you can see into the dip and know the road ahead is clear.
A All traffic must turn left at the next junction
B Overtaking vehicles should return to the left
C The road ahead has a camber to the left
D You may overtake on the left if it's safe to do so
Correct Answer: B Overtaking vehicles should return to the left
Explanation: This curved arrow on the road indicates the direction that traffic should pass solid double white lines that are coming up. These arrows are also used on the approach to hatch markings and low arched bridges. Sometimes the arrow may curve to the right.
A You can drive on the hatch markings, but only if it's necessary and safe
B You should always position well to the left of the markings
C You should always wait in this area when you're turning right
D You should never enter the hatched area under any circumstances
Correct Answer: A You can drive on the hatch markings, but only if it's necessary and safe
Explanation: Hatch markings are used to separate traffic and to protect traffic turning right. Where the boundary line is broken, you may enter the area only if necessary and provided you can see that it's safe. A continuous white line defining the hatched area means that you mustn't enter, except in an emergency. All other rules of the road apply as normal.
A Red Route on a primary route
B Restricted route on a main road
C Ring road on a primary route
D Road restricted on a tram route
Correct Answer: C Ring road on a primary route
Explanation: Ring roads are designed to keep traffic away from town centres. Unless you need to visit the town centre, you should use the ring road, as this will help to avoid congestion and reduce your journey time.
A Keep well back from the vehicle in front
B Look out for water on the roads
C Slow down and try your brakes
D Slow down at once by braking sharply
Correct Answer: A Keep well back from the vehicle in front
Explanation: Loose gravel or chippings can easily be thrown up by vehicles' tyres. At roadworks or on newly surfaced roads, check your speed and keep a good distance away from vehicles ahead to avoid any flying chippings.
A To comply with the law
B To prevent damage to the new road surface
C To prevent other drivers from driving too fast over the chippings
D To reduce the amount of chippings thrown up by the tyres
Correct Answer: D To reduce the amount of chippings thrown up by the tyres
Explanation: Stone chippings are often used to finish off a new road surface. They may take several days to bed into the tar underneath. Advisory speed limits are used to help reduce the amount of chippings thrown up by passing vehicles. Chippings can cause damage to vehicles and other road users - especially cyclists, pedestrians and horse riders. There's also an increased risk of skidding on the loose surface.
A Bumpy road
B Loose chippings
C Loose rocks
D Road flooded
Correct Answer: B Loose chippings
Explanation: The sign warning of loose chippings is often accompanied by a plate showing an advisory maximum speed. Stone chippings thrown up by tyres can damage vehicles, and pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists are more vulnerable. The loose surface will increase your vehicle's stopping distance and there's an additional risk of skidding.
A In a congested section
B In a contraflow system
C In the acceleration lane
D On the hard shoulder
Correct Answer: B In a contraflow system
Explanation: Contraflow systems allow traffic to pass in opposite directions on the same carriageway; they're usually found where roadworks are being carried out. Care is needed as the lanes may be narrower than normal, the road surface may be poor, and oncoming traffic will be passing much closer than normal.
A Don't drive past this traffic sign
B Drive on; it doesn't apply to you
C Follow the park-and-ride signs
D Give way only to trams from the right
Correct Answer: A Don't drive past this traffic sign
Explanation: This sign indicates a route for trams only. Other vehicles aren't allowed to use these routes. Drivers need to look ahead and plan - especially in an unfamiliar area.
A Because of new technology, modern cars do not need the driver to be ecosafe
B Figures show that the driver is much better than cruise control at keeping to a steady speed
C In the UK, there are no opportunities for learners to drive at a steady cruising speed
D You could benefit from using cruise control if you can see well ahead and the road conditions are good
Correct Answer: D You could benefit from using cruise control if you can see well ahead and the road conditions are good
Explanation: Many modern cars have cruise control fitted; it automatically maintains a steady speed set by the driver. Setting the cruise control when you can see the road well ahead is clear can help keep fuel consumption down and reduce vehicle emissions.
A Only roadside mobile cameras are currently in use
B There's a viewpoint or area of outstanding natural beauty ahead
C Traffic regulations are enforced by cameras in this area
D You should turn on your speed-camera detection equipment
Correct Answer: C Traffic regulations are enforced by cameras in this area
Explanation: This sign reminds all road users that they're entering an area where cameras will monitor traffic regulations. This could include traffic-light cameras and bus-lane cameras, as well as the more common speed cameras.
A At bus stops
B At school entrances
C On Red Routes
D On urban clearways
Correct Answer: D On urban clearways
Explanation: Waiting restrictions help to keep the road clear by preventing parking that will hinder the flow of traffic. Waiting restrictions on urban clearways allow vehicles to stop and pick up or set down passengers, even during their hours of operation.
A Avoid stopping on the road ahead, as parking places are provided for buses and cycles only
B Choose another route, as the road ahead is for buses and cycles only
C Keep right, as the left-hand side of the road ahead is for buses and cycles only
D Proceed past the sign, as only buses and cycles are prohibited from using the route
Correct Answer: B Choose another route, as the road ahead is for buses and cycles only
Explanation: This blue circular sign indicates a route available only to the class of vehicle shown. Plan ahead so that when you see the sign, you have time to take another route; this may be indicated by other traffic signs.
A Proceed carefully through the junction, ignoring the second stop line
B Stop as soon as you can and reverse back to the first stop line
C Stop at the second line, in the area marked for cyclists
D Stop just beyond the second line, keeping the junction clear
Correct Answer: C Stop at the second line, in the area marked for cyclists
Explanation: Some junctions have advanced stop lines with an area for cyclists to position themselves ahead of other traffic. You must stop at the first white line you reach. If you're unable to stop safely at the first line, you must stop at the second line, even though you'll be blocking the area reserved for cyclists.
A Minibus
B Pedal cycle
C Private taxi
D Small lorry
Correct Answer: B Pedal cycle
Explanation: This sign prohibits all motor vehicles. Only pedal cycles may pass it. However, a black-and-white plate underneath the sign may give exemptions; for example, 'except buses' or 'except for access'.
A Cyclists
B Delivery drivers
C Drivers of small vans
D Drivers towing caravans
Correct Answer: A Cyclists
Explanation: Most bus lanes may also be used by cyclists. The bus-lane sign will show its times of operation (where time limits apply) and any other vehicles that may also use the bus lane.
A Cyclists have priority over motor vehicles
B Speed is controlled by traffic-calming measures
C Waiting restrictions are normally indicated by yellow lines only
D Waiting restrictions are normally indicated by yellow time plates
Correct Answer: C Waiting restrictions are normally indicated by yellow lines only
Explanation: The entry sign to a controlled parking zone will show the times of operation. Inside the zone, yellow lines indicate where waiting is prohibited. Yellow time plates are provided where a yellow-line restriction operates at different times from those shown on the entry sign.
A The engine oil will overheat
B The engine will use less oil
C The oil filter will become blocked
D The oil seals may be damaged
Correct Answer: D The oil seals may be damaged
Explanation: Too much oil in the engine will create excess pressure and could damage the engine seals and cause oil leaks. Any excess oil should be drained off.
A Battery acid
B Diluted anti-freeze
C Distilled water
D Tap water
Correct Answer: C Distilled water
Explanation: The level of electrolyte in a battery may fall below the level of the plates. If this happens, you'll need to top up the electrolyte with distilled water. Make sure that the plates in each battery cell are covered, but don't overfill the cells.
A To allow extra space for wide loads
B To provide a space for emergency vehicles
C To provide space for overtaking motorcyclists
D To separate streams of traffic
Correct Answer: D To separate streams of traffic
Explanation: Hatch markings bounded by broken white lines are designed to separate traffic lanes or to protect traffic turning right. Only drive into these areas if it's necessary and you can see that it's safe.
A It helps you to maintain your concentration
B It makes you more comfortable
C It makes you relax
D It protects you from whiplash injury
Correct Answer: D It protects you from whiplash injury
Explanation: In a crash, the occupants of a vehicle can be thrown violently forward and then back again. The head restraint should be adjusted so that it gives maximum protection to the neck as the occupant is thrown backwards.
A When you'll be driving at high speeds over long distances
B When you'll be driving in cold or wet weather
C When you'll be driving on very rough roads
D When you'll be filling the fuel tank
Correct Answer: A When you'll be driving at high speeds over long distances
Explanation: In general, the vehicle handbook will recommend higher tyre pressures for continuous high-speed driving; for example, on long motorway trips. Increased tyre pressures may also be recommended when the vehicle is carrying a heavy load or when towing a trailer.
A Gently, well after selecting a low gear
B Lightly at first, then by rapid cadence braking
C Progressively and smoothly, easing off the brake as the car comes to a rest
D Sharply, maintaining firm pressure until the car stops
Correct Answer: C Progressively and smoothly, easing off the brake as the car comes to a rest
Explanation: Progressive braking is a safe driving technique, which allows other drivers time to react and is more comfortable for your passengers. This will help to prevent skidding, and saves wear on brakes, tyres and suspension.
A Apply the parking brake fully
B Keep their foot firmly on the accelerator
C Put the gear selector in the 'D' position
D Put the gear selector in the 'R' position
Correct Answer: A Apply the parking brake fully
Explanation: Fully applying the parking brake whenever your vehicle is stationary is important with an automatic car. This will reduce the possibility of the car creeping forwards when it's in gear.
A Give an arm signal to emphasise the indicator
B Put the indicator on later
C Turn as quickly as you can
D Veer from side to side as you slow down
Correct Answer: A Give an arm signal to emphasise the indicator
Explanation: You should always do your best to make other road users aware of your intentions. If you think your indicator might not be seen, or your intentions might not be clear, then giving an arm signal as well may be helpful.
A Keep your wheels straight and select fifth gear
B Keep your wheels straight and select neutral
C Turn your wheels to the left and select reverse gear
D Turn your wheels to the right and select reverse gear
Correct Answer: C Turn your wheels to the left and select reverse gear
Explanation: Turning the wheels to the left will ensure that if the vehicle rolls forward, it will immediately contact the kerb. The use of reverse gear will help by using the resistance of the engine to prevent the vehicle from rolling forwards should the parking brake fail.
A The person has hearing difficulties
B The person is colour-blind
C The person is dog-training
D The person is elderly
Correct Answer: A The person has hearing difficulties
Explanation: If you see a pedestrian with a dog that's wearing a yellow or burgundy coat, take care. The pedestrian may have hearing difficulties and so be unable to hear you approaching.
A Cycle route
B Primary route
C Tourist route
D Urban motorway
Correct Answer: B Primary route
Explanation: A primary route is a road of national or regional importance and is the major route between larger towns and cities. The direction signs on these routes have green backgrounds. Many maps and road atlases show these routes in green.
A There's a 20 mph speed limit after the bend
B There's a 20 mph zone with traffic-calming features
C You mustn't exceed 20 mph on the bend
D You're advised not to exceed 20 mph on the bend
Correct Answer: D You're advised not to exceed 20 mph on the bend
Explanation: The 'max speed' plate advises the maximum safe speed for negotiating the hazard shown on the warning sign. Drivers should slow down, as the hazard can be deceiving; for example, a bend may be much sharper than it initially appears.
A No overtaking
B The edge of the carriageway
C The footpath on the left
D There are traffic lights ahead
Correct Answer: B The edge of the carriageway
Explanation: A continuous white line is often seen along the edge of the road. Its purpose is to mark the edge of the carriageway. This can be helpful in conditions of poor visibility, such as when it's foggy or at night.
A Anti-freeze level
B Battery electrolyte level
C Brake-fluid level
D Radiator coolant level
Correct Answer: C Brake-fluid level
Explanation: You should carry out frequent checks on all fluid levels. The brake-fluid level will fall as the friction material on your brake shoes or pads wears down. If it falls below the minimum mark on the fluid reservoir, air could enter the hydraulic system, and this will lead to loss of braking efficiency.
A The vehicle is being used by a doctor on an emergency call
B The vehicle is being used by a road safety patrol
C The vehicle is being used by the police on non-urgent duties
D The vehicle is being used to carry a wide load
Correct Answer: A The vehicle is being used by a doctor on an emergency call
Explanation: If you see a vehicle with a flashing green light, allow it to pass when you can do so safely; it will be a doctor on an emergency call. Someone's life could depend on the driver making good progress through the traffic.
A They show a 'no overtaking' area
B They warn of a change in speed limit
C To make you aware of your speed
D To warn you to choose the correct lane
Correct Answer: C To make you aware of your speed
Explanation: Yellow lines are painted across the road on the approach to some roundabouts. The lines are usually found on dual carriageways, where traffic speeds are higher, or at the end of motorway exit slip roads. They provide a visual warning to remind drivers to check their speed.
A To show a 'no parking' zone
B To show a 30 mph zone
C To show the edge of the carriageway
D To show you're approaching a level crossing
Correct Answer: C To show the edge of the carriageway
Explanation: The edge of the carriageway is often marked with a continuous white line. This stops at junctions, lay-bys, and entrances and exits from private drives. In conditions of poor visibility, such as when it's foggy, this line can help you see the edge of the road.
A To help drivers keep the correct separation distance
B To indicate a 'no parking' area
C To make drivers aware of their speed
D To tell drivers not to change lanes
Correct Answer: C To make drivers aware of their speed
Explanation: Yellow lines can be found on the approach to some roundabouts and dangerous junctions. The lines may be raised, which will change the sound of your car's contact with the road. In this way, you'll have both visible and audible warnings to adjust your speed.
A Alert drivers behind you
B Continue to wait
C Phone the signal operator
D Proceed with caution
Correct Answer: B Continue to wait
Explanation: You must always obey red flashing stop lights. If a train passes but the lights continue to flash, another train will be passing soon. Cross only when the lights go off and the barriers open.
Correct Answer: D Two
Explanation: Chevrons are painted on the road surface to help you to judge a safe following distance. In good weather, at least two chevrons should be visible on the road surface between your vehicle and the vehicle directly ahead in your lane. Where there are no chevrons, you should use the two-second rule.
A The direction in which you should pass solid double white lines
B The lane to follow for your destination
C There's a turning place ahead
D Traffic should turn left ahead
Correct Answer: A The direction in which you should pass solid double white lines
Explanation: Curving direction arrows are often found painted on the road before solid double white lines and hatch markings; they indicate the direction you should pass them. They're also painted on the road on the approach to low arched bridges, to mark the route high vehicles should take.
A Be prepared to stop
B Continue on your way
C Wave to the person to cross
D Wave to the person to wait
Correct Answer: A Be prepared to stop
Explanation: As you would with an able-bodied person, you should prepare to slow down and stop. Don't wave them across, as other traffic may not stop.
A Accelerate quickly between each one
B Always keep to the maximum legal speed
C Drive slowly at school times only
D Maintain a reduced speed throughout
Correct Answer: D Maintain a reduced speed throughout
Explanation: Road humps are there to reduce the speed of traffic. Don't accelerate between them, as their purpose is to slow traffic along the whole street. This is to protect vulnerable road users in the area.
A When a driver from the opposite direction reaches the crossing
B When sensors detect your vehicle approaching
C When the pedestrians are clear of the front of your vehicle
D When the pedestrians have reached a safe position
Correct Answer: D When the pedestrians have reached a safe position
Explanation: At a puffin crossing, an electronic device will keep the red light showing until it detects that the pedestrians have reached a safe position. Don't proceed until the green light shows - and then, only if it's safe to do so.
A Damage to the engine caused by using dirty fuel
B Harmful compounds in the exhaust emissions
C How long it takes for the engine to warm up
D How much noise the engine produces
Correct Answer: B Harmful compounds in the exhaust emissions
Explanation: Catalytic converters are exhaust-treatment systems that remove most of the harmful compounds from the exhaust gases. These include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. The converter only deals with toxic, polluting gases; carbon dioxide is still produced.
A The battery life
B The gearbox
C The handling
D The journey time
Correct Answer: C The handling
Explanation: Carrying a heavy load in a vehicle will change its centre of gravity. This will affect the vehicle's handling on bends, compared with when it's lightly loaded. It's your responsibility to make sure that your vehicle isn't overloaded and that any load is secure.
A There's a radar speed trap ahead
B There's something wrong with your vehicle
C They're giving way to you
D They're warning you of their presence
Correct Answer: D They're warning you of their presence
Explanation: A driver flashing their headlights has the same meaning as sounding the horn - it's a warning of their presence.
A Double park in the aisle and switch on your hazard warning lights
B Find somewhere else to park, unless you're a registered disabled driver
C Park in these spaces because everywhere else is full
D Use these spaces because the disabled markings aren't enforceable
Correct Answer: B Find somewhere else to park, unless you're a registered disabled driver
Explanation: You mustn't park in spaces designated or marked for specific users, such as registered disabled drivers (whose vehicle will display a blue disabled badge), or in places reserved for local residents.
A To ask for directions
B To load or unload goods
C To set down and pick up passengers
D To use a mobile telephone
Correct Answer: C To set down and pick up passengers
Explanation: A clearway is a section of road where no stopping is allowed on the main carriageway. However, a driver can stop on an urban clearway, during its times of operation, to set down or pick up passengers.
A The driver is going to change lanes
B The driver wants you to overtake
C There's a police speed check ahead
D Traffic ahead is slowing or stopping suddenly
Correct Answer: D Traffic ahead is slowing or stopping suddenly
Explanation: Hazard warning lights mustn't be switched on in normal driving. The exception is when driving on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway and there's a need to warn drivers behind of a hazard or obstruction ahead.
A Continuous high speeds increase the risk of your vehicle breaking down
B Motorway service areas don't deal with breakdowns
C The road surface will wear down the tyres faster
D You'll have to do more harsh braking on motorways
Correct Answer: A Continuous high speeds increase the risk of your vehicle breaking down
Explanation: Before you start a motorway journey, make sure that your vehicle can cope with the demands of continuous high-speed travel. To reduce the risk of your vehicle breaking down, check the oil, water and tyres before setting off. If you're travelling a long way, it's also a good idea to plan your rest stops in advance.
A In the air filter
B In the fuel tank
C On the cooling system
D On the exhaust system
Correct Answer: D On the exhaust system
Explanation: Strict controls on exhaust emissions require a catalytic converter to be fitted to the exhaust system of all new vehicles. Catalytic converters remove most of the carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbons from the exhaust gases.
A Driving in lower gears
B Late and harsh braking
C Making short journeys with a cold engine
D Planning well ahead
Correct Answer: D Planning well ahead
Explanation: As you drive, looking and planning well ahead will help you to avoid harsh braking and keep a smooth, steady pace. This will help to reduce your vehicle's fuel consumption.
A Keep in the right-hand lane for as long as you can
B Move into a lane on your left immediately
C Move into a lane on your left in good time
D Wait to see which lane is moving faster
Correct Answer: C Move into a lane on your left in good time
Explanation: Lane closures are normally found near roadworks. Use your mirrors and move into the correct lane for your vehicle in good time. Look out for additional signs and comply with them.
A Give way to the elderly and infirm only
B Slow down and prepare to stop
C Use your headlights to indicate they can cross
D Wave at them to cross the road
Correct Answer: B Slow down and prepare to stop
Explanation: When approaching a zebra crossing, drivers should look out for pedestrians wanting to cross. If anyone is waiting, you should slow down and be ready to stop and let them cross.
A Engine damage may be caused
B Fuel spillage will occur
C The tyres will wear out more quickly
D You'll have less steering and braking control
Correct Answer: D You'll have less steering and braking control
Explanation: Letting your vehicle roll or coast in neutral reduces your control over steering and braking. This can be dangerous on downhill slopes, where your vehicle could pick up speed very quickly.
A Your engine will be damaged
B Your front tyres will wear very quickly
C Your power steering will fail
D Your vehicle will pick up speed
Correct Answer: D Your vehicle will pick up speed
Explanation: Driving in neutral or with the clutch down for long periods is known as 'coasting'. If you do this on a steep downhill gradient, there will be no engine braking to help check your speed.
A Change to a higher gear
B Change to a lower gear
C Select neutral
D Select reverse gear
Correct Answer: B Change to a lower gear
Explanation: Selecting a low gear will help the engine's resistance, known as engine braking, to control your vehicle's speed. This is especially useful when travelling downhill.
A You'll cause the engine to overheat
B You'll increase the amount of fuel the vehicle uses
C You'll reduce your control over the vehicle
D You'll wear out the tyres more quickly
Correct Answer: C You'll reduce your control over the vehicle
Explanation: Holding the clutch down or staying in neutral for too long will cause your vehicle to freewheel. This is known as 'coasting' and it's dangerous, because it reduces your control of the vehicle.
A The engine noise will increase
B The engine will stall
C The steering will feel very heavy
D The steering will feel very light
Correct Answer: D The steering will feel very light
Explanation: If you drive at speed in very wet conditions, your steering may suddenly feel lighter than usual. This means that the tyres have lifted off the surface of the road and are skating on the surface of the water. This is known as aquaplaning. Reduce speed by easing off the accelerator, but don't brake until your steering feels normal again.
A To prevent damage to the road surface
B To prevent skidding in deep snow
C To prevent the brakes from locking
D To prevent wear to the tyres
Correct Answer: B To prevent skidding in deep snow
Explanation: Snow chains can be fitted to your tyres when snow affects the driving conditions. They can help you to move off from rest or to keep moving in deep snow. You'll also need to adjust your driving to deal with these conditions; don't rely on technology such as anti-lock brakes to overcome bad driving choices.
A They'll cause the brakes to fail
B They'll cause the steering to pull to one side
C They'll cause the steering to vibrate
D They'll cause the tyres to deflate
Correct Answer: C They'll cause the steering to vibrate
Explanation: If your front wheels are out of balance, the steering will vibrate. You'll have to take your vehicle to a garage or tyre-fitting firm, where they can balance your wheels; it isn't a fault that will rectify itself.
A It's easier to brake
B The noise from your tyres sounds louder
C You see black ice on the road
D Your steering feels light
Correct Answer: D Your steering feels light
Explanation: Black ice makes a road look damp, and you may not be able to see that it's icy. Signs that indicate you may be on black ice include
- your steering suddenly feels light
- a lack of road noise from your tyres.
A Apply gentle acceleration
B Brake firmly to reduce speed
C Ease off the accelerator
D Steer towards the side of the road
Correct Answer: C Ease off the accelerator
Explanation: If the steering feels light when you're driving in heavy rain, it's probably due to water that has built up between your tyres and the road surface. Easing off the accelerator should allow your tyres to displace the film of water and they should then regain their grip on the road.
Correct Answer: C 70 mph
Explanation: You must know the speed limits that apply to the vehicle you're driving. On a motorway, the speed limit for a car is 70 mph - but if it's towing a trailer, that limit is reduced to 60 mph.
A Change the tyres around
B Consult your garage as soon as possible
C Pump the pedal when braking
D Use your parking brake at the same time
Correct Answer: B Consult your garage as soon as possible
Explanation: The brakes on your vehicle must be effective and properly adjusted. If your vehicle pulls to one side when braking, take it to be checked by a qualified mechanic. Don't take risks.
A Apply the parking brake and footbrake together
B Give an arm signal
C Keep both hands on the wheel
D Select reverse gear
Correct Answer: C Keep both hands on the wheel
Explanation: If you find yourself having to stop in an emergency, it's important that your vehicle remains under control. If you lose control, you may make the situation worse. Having both hands on the wheel during braking will help you to control the steering as you stop.
A Improved road-holding
B Lighter steering
C Reduction in stability
D Reduction in stopping distance
Correct Answer: C Reduction in stability
Explanation: A heavy load on your roof rack will reduce the stability of the vehicle because it moves the centre of gravity away from that intended by the manufacturer. Be aware of this when you drive around bends and corners. If you change direction at speed, your vehicle and/or load could become unstable and you could lose control.
A When the roads are slippery
B When the tyre tread is worn below 2 mm
C When you'll be driving fast for a long distance
D When you'll be driving in cold weather
Correct Answer: C When you'll be driving fast for a long distance
Explanation: Check the vehicle handbook: this should give you guidance on the correct tyre pressures for your vehicle. There may be recommendations to increase the tyre pressure when carrying heavy loads or when travelling continuously at higher speeds, such as when using a motorway.
A Drive into the box junction when signalled by oncoming traffic
B Drive on, because you can't turn right at a box junction
C Wait before the junction until it's clear of all traffic
D Wait in the box junction if your exit road is clear
Correct Answer: D Wait in the box junction if your exit road is clear
Explanation: You can move into a box junction as long as your exit road is clear. You can stop and wait in the junction when you want to turn right and have to wait for a gap in the oncoming traffic.
A Accelerate quickly
B Check your tyre pressures
C Switch on your headlights
D Test your brakes
Correct Answer: D Test your brakes
Explanation: When you've driven through a ford or flood, your brakes may be soaking wet. Water can reduce your brakes' efficiency, so check that they're working properly before you build up speed again. Lightly applying the brakes while driving slowly will help them to dry. Before you do this, remember to check your mirrors and consider what's behind you.
A In case they break down in a dangerous position
B To help them to be seen when they're being driven at high speed
C To make them more visible in thick fog
D To warn drivers following too closely to drop back
Correct Answer: C To make them more visible in thick fog
Explanation: A high-intensity rear fog light helps drivers behind to see that there's a vehicle ahead, even though its outline can't be seen due to fog.
A When excessive brake pressure has been applied
B When you don't brake quickly enough
C When you haven't seen a hazard ahead
D When you're speeding on a slippery road surface
Correct Answer: A When excessive brake pressure has been applied
Explanation: If your car is fitted with an anti-lock braking system (ABS), this will activate when you brake so hard that the tyres start to lose their grip on the road surface. At this point, the wheels would normally lock up and a skid would start. The ABS senses the wheel locking and releases the brake pressure just enough to avoid the skid. It then cycles through applying and releasing the brake pressure many times per second. This ensures maximum braking for the available grip is constantly applied without the wheels locking.
A At night on unlit roads
B In foggy conditions
C On dry tarmac
D On surface water
Correct Answer: D On surface water
Explanation: In very wet weather, water can build up between the tyre and the road surface. As a result, your vehicle rides on a thin film of water and your tyres won't grip the road. Gravel or shingle surfaces also offer less grip and can cause problems when braking. An anti-lock braking system may be ineffective in these conditions.
A They allow vehicles to travel faster
B They help drivers keep control when they're accelerating
C They help drivers keep steering control during heavy braking
D They make motorway driving easier
Correct Answer: C They help drivers keep steering control during heavy braking
Explanation: If the wheels of your vehicle lock, the tyres won't grip the road and then you'll have no control over the steering. The anti-lock braking system will prevent this from happening.
A A dry surface
B A firm surface
C A good surface
D A loose surface
Correct Answer: D A loose surface
Explanation: If the road surface is loose, it's possible for the loose surfaces to slide over each other. A vehicle's tyres may grip the surface layer but this may slide across a lower layer. An anti-lock braking system would be less effective in this situation.
A Apply the parking brake to reduce the stopping distance
B Brake normally and avoid turning the steering wheel
C Keep pushing and releasing the footbrake quickly to prevent skidding
D Press the brake pedal firmly until you've stopped
Correct Answer: D Press the brake pedal firmly until you've stopped
Explanation: To use anti-lock brakes in an emergency, you should brake firmly until you've come to a stop. The anti-lock mechanism will activate automatically if it senses the wheels are about to lock.
Correct Answer: C Skidding
Explanation: The anti-lock braking system (ABS) activates automatically when the brakes are applied. It prevents the wheels from locking, so reducing the likelihood of a skid developing. ABS doesn't remove the need for good driving practices such as anticipation and driving at the correct speed for the conditions.
A Brake firmly and pump the brake pedal on and off
B Brake gently and pump the brake pedal on and off
C Brake rapidly and firmly, without releasing the brake pedal
D Brake rapidly once, and immediately release the brake pedal
Correct Answer: C Brake rapidly and firmly, without releasing the brake pedal
Explanation: On vehicles fitted with an anti-lock braking system, it's generally recommended that, once you've applied the brake, you keep your foot firmly on the pedal until you've stopped. Releasing the brake and reapplying it will momentarily disengage the anti-lock braking system and may increase your stopping distance.
A Avoid using cruise control
B Drive faster to reduce journey times
C Remove your roof rack when it's unloaded
D Use your car for very short journeys
Correct Answer: C Remove your roof rack when it's unloaded
Explanation: A roof rack increases your car's wind resistance. This will cause an increase in fuel consumption, so you should remove it when it isn't being used.
A Diesel is odourless
B Diesel is slippery
C Diesel is sticky
D Diesel is unstable
Correct Answer: B Diesel is slippery
Explanation: The diesel you use to run a vehicle is a form of oil and, as such, is very slippery when spilt on the road. The usual places to find diesel spillage are near filling stations and on bends or roundabouts. Overfilled fuel tanks and poorly fitting or missing fuel filler caps are often the cause of diesel spillage, so make sure you replace your fuel filler cap securely after refuelling.
A Check your fuel gauge is working
B Fill the tank to the top, so that no air remains in the tank
C Securely fasten the filler cap
D Use a locking filler cap
Correct Answer: C Securely fasten the filler cap
Explanation: Spilled fuel wastes money, damages the environment and makes the road surface slippery. This can be particularly dangerous for motorcyclists. Ensuring that you replace the fuel filler cap securely will prevent fuel spilling from your vehicle's fuel tank.
A Driving within the speed limit
B Having an empty roof rack on your car
C Reducing your speed
D Using the wrong grade of fuel
Correct Answer: B Having an empty roof rack on your car
Explanation: Cars are designed to have an aerodynamic shape; an empty roof rack causes drag and increased wind resistance. The increased wind resistance will waste fuel; it also increases emissions and causes unnecessary pollution to the atmosphere.
A By always using the same brand of fuel
B By driving with your windows open
C By having your vehicle properly serviced
D By keeping an empty roof rack on your car
Correct Answer: C By having your vehicle properly serviced
Explanation: If you don't have your vehicle serviced regularly, the engine will steadily become less efficient. This loss of efficiency will progressively cause an increase in fuel consumption, engine running problems and increased risk of the vehicle breaking down.
A Apply the parking brake gently
B Select a lower gear
C Select neutral
D Turn off the engine
Correct Answer: B Select a lower gear
Explanation: Selecting a low gear when travelling downhill will help you to control your speed. The engine will assist the brakes and help prevent your vehicle from gathering speed.
A Cover it with plastic sheeting
B Fasten it securely
C Make it as light as possible
D Remove it when you park on the side of the road
Correct Answer: B Fasten it securely
Explanation: You're responsible for making sure that anything you carry on your vehicle is fastened securely. The safest way to carry items on the roof is in a specially designed roof box. This will help to keep luggage secure and dry. Roof boxes also have less wind resistance than exposed loads carried on a roof rack, and this helps to reduce fuel consumption.
A Check out the problem quickly and safely
B Continue if the engine sounds all right
C Deal with the problem when there's more time
D Hope that it's just a temporary electrical fault
Correct Answer: A Check out the problem quickly and safely
Explanation: Make sure you know what the different warning lights mean. An illuminated warning light could mean that your car is unsafe to drive. Don't take risks. If you're not sure about the problem, get a qualified mechanic to check it.
A It means no overtaking
B It means no parking
C It shows the approach to a hazard
D It shows the edge of the carriageway
Correct Answer: D It shows the edge of the carriageway
Explanation: A continuous white line is used on many roads to indicate the edge of the carriageway. This can be useful when visibility is restricted. The line is discontinued at junctions, lay-bys, and entrances and exits from private drives.
A Get everyone out of the vehicle immediately
B Keep going and clear the crossing
C Stop and reverse back to clear the crossing
D Stop immediately and use your hazard warning lights
Correct Answer: B Keep going and clear the crossing
Explanation: If the amber warning lights come on as you're approaching the crossing, you must stop unless it's unsafe to do so. Red flashing lights together with an audible signal mean you must stop. If the warning lights and alarm start as you're driving over the crossing, continue and clear the crossing; it would be dangerous to stop at that point.
A Continue to wait
B Drive across carefully
C Get out and investigate
D Zigzag around the barriers
Correct Answer: A Continue to wait
Explanation: At a level crossing, flashing red lights mean you must stop. If a train passes but the lights keep flashing, you must continue waiting. Another train will be coming.
A During the hours of darkness
B During the hours of daylight
C Outside its period of operation
D Outside peak times
Correct Answer: C Outside its period of operation
Explanation: It's illegal to drive or park in a cycle lane marked by a solid white line during its hours of operation. Parking in a cycle lane will obstruct cyclists; they may move into the path of traffic on the main carriageway as they ride around the obstruction. This could be hazardous both for the cyclist and for other road users.
A At all times
B During the hours of darkness
C During the working day
D When the lanes are narrow
Correct Answer: A At all times
Explanation: A circular sign with a red border tells you what you mustn't do. If the circle contains a speed limit, you mustn't exceed the limit, whether the sign is temporary or not.
A Check the battery is fully charged
B Make sure you have a warning triangle
C Make sure your lights are working
D Top up the radiator with anti-freeze
Correct Answer: C Make sure your lights are working
Explanation: Before starting any journey, make sure your windows and mirrors are clean and your lights are working. You need to be able to see clearly and be seen by other road users. This is especially important when visibility is reduced, as in fog or heavy rain.
A It causes the engine to stall
B It increases fuel consumption
C It makes the engine run faster
D It stops engine braking from slowing the car
Correct Answer: D It stops engine braking from slowing the car
Explanation: When coasting, the engine is disconnected from the drive to the wheels. This means that the engine's resistance can't be used to help slow the vehicle, especially when travelling downhill. There will be a little coasting every time you change gear; this can't be avoided, but it should be kept to a minimum.
A Allow the person to cross
B Drive behind the person
C Drive in front of the person
D Sound your horn
Correct Answer: A Allow the person to cross
Explanation: At a pelican crossing, the green light means you may proceed as long as the crossing is clear. If someone hasn't finished crossing, be patient and wait for them.
A Always wait for the green light before proceeding
B Give way to any pedestrians on the crossing
C Signal the pedestrian to cross
D Wait for the red-and-amber light before proceeding
Correct Answer: B Give way to any pedestrians on the crossing
Explanation: The flashing amber light allows pedestrians who are already on the crossing to get to the other side before the green light shows to traffic. Give way to them and only proceed when the crossing is clear.
A A steady amber light
B Both half barriers coming down
C One half barrier coming down
D Twin flashing red lights
Correct Answer: A A steady amber light
Explanation: The steady amber light will be followed by twin flashing red lights, which mean you must stop. An alarm will also sound to alert you to the fact that a train is approaching.
A Select a high gear and pump the footbrake
B Select a high gear and use the footbrake with the parking brake
C Select a low gear and use the footbrake
D Select a low gear and use the footbrake with the parking brake
Correct Answer: C Select a low gear and use the footbrake
Explanation: When travelling down a steep hill, your vehicle will tend to increase speed. This will make it more difficult for you to stop. To maintain control and prevent the vehicle from running away
- select a lower gear - the engine will then help to control your speed
- use the footbrake to maintain control.
A Improved fuel economy
B Improved manoeuvrability while parking
C Improved passenger comfort
D Improved road-holding
Correct Answer: D Improved road-holding
Explanation: When all four wheels are driven, there's less chance of the tyres losing their grip, compared with a two-wheel-drive vehicle. But this doesn't replace the skills you need to drive safely. The extra grip helps to prevent skidding when travelling on slippery or uneven roads.
A It has no effect on the driver's control
B It improves the driver's control
C It makes steering easier
D It reduces the driver's control
Correct Answer: D It reduces the driver's control
Explanation: 'Coasting' is the term used when the clutch is held down or the gear lever is in neutral and the vehicle is allowed to freewheel. This reduces the driver's control of the vehicle because the engine isn't connected to the driven wheels. This removes the assistance of engine braking and the stability of a powered drive train.
A Brake gently and repeatedly
B Drive at a slow speed, in as high a gear as possible
C Drive in a low gear at all times
D Use the parking brake if the wheels start to slip
Correct Answer: B Drive at a slow speed, in as high a gear as possible
Explanation: If you're travelling on an icy road, extra care will be required to avoid loss of control. Keeping your speed down and using the highest gear you can will reduce the risk of the tyres losing their grip on this slippery surface.
A To engage cruise control
B To improve acceleration
C To reduce fuel consumption
D To stop in an emergency
Correct Answer: B To improve acceleration
Explanation: The action of sharply pressing the accelerator to the floor (kick-down) will send a signal to the transmission to select a lower gear. This is useful when wanting to accelerate briskly, such as when overtaking another vehicle.
A Your car will be able to go faster
B Your car will handle better
C Your car will use less fuel
D Your car will use more fuel
Correct Answer: D Your car will use more fuel
Explanation: Even an empty roof rack will create extra wind resistance and this in turn will increase the vehicle's fuel consumption; for this reason, remove a roof rack when it's not needed.
A The shock absorbers are worn
B The steering is unstable
C The tyres are under-inflated
D The tyres are worn
Correct Answer: A The shock absorbers are worn
Explanation: To test your suspension, press down sharply on the bodywork above each wheel and release it. If the vehicle bounces more than once, take it to be checked by a qualified mechanic. A good shock absorber will dampen the movement immediately.
A Check that the parking brake is released
B Check the brake-fluid level
C Check the footbrake free play
D Have the brakes checked immediately
Correct Answer: D Have the brakes checked immediately
Explanation: If any warning light shows while you're driving, it indicates a fault that needs prompt attention. If the warning light for the anti-lock brake system shows, have the braking system checked before driving further.
A Badly worn brakes
B Driving on ice
C Over-inflated tyres
D Under-inflated tyres
Correct Answer: D Under-inflated tyres
Explanation: If your tyres don't have enough air in them, they'll drag against the surface of the road. This makes the steering feel heavy. As well as affecting steering, under-inflated tyres can affect braking, cornering and fuel consumption.
A To allow the exhaust system to be recycled
B To control exhaust noise levels
C To prolong the life of the exhaust system
D To reduce harmful exhaust emissions
Correct Answer: D To reduce harmful exhaust emissions
Explanation: Engines burning fossil fuels produce harmful gases. We need to be concerned about the effect this has on our environment. A catalytic converter acts like a filter, removing most of the harmful compounds from the exhaust gas.
A It's in operation 24 hours a day
B It's not in operation at all
C It's only in operation at peak times
D It's only in operation in daylight hours
Correct Answer: A It's in operation 24 hours a day
Explanation: You mustn't drive in a bus lane when it's in operation. If the bus-lane sign shows no times of operation, then the lane is in constant operation.
A Flashing amber
B Green
C Red
D Steady amber
Correct Answer: A Flashing amber
Explanation: A flashing amber light is shown at pelican crossings, but not at puffin crossings. Puffin crossings are controlled electronically and detect when pedestrians are on the crossing. The red light will remain showing to drivers until the system detects that the crossing is clear. The sequence of lights is then the same as for normal traffic lights.
A When you need to warn oncoming traffic that you intend to stop
B When you slow down at a pedestrian crossing
C When you slow down suddenly on a motorway
D When your direction indicators aren't working properly
Correct Answer: C When you slow down suddenly on a motorway
Explanation: You may use hazard warning lights when you slow suddenly on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway, to warn traffic behind of a hazard ahead. Never use hazard warning lights to excuse dangerous or illegal parking.
A To avoid damage to the indicator relay
B To avoid dazzling other road users
C To avoid flattening the battery
D To avoid misleading other road users
Correct Answer: D To avoid misleading other road users
Explanation: If your indicators don't turn off automatically, you must cancel them. This might happen after a slight deviation, where the movement of the steering wheel hasn't been enough to activate the auto-cancel mechanism. A signal that continues to show after it should have cancelled can mislead other road users.
A Five times the normal distance
B Seven times the normal distance
C Ten times the normal distance
D Twice the normal distance
Correct Answer: C Ten times the normal distance
Explanation: In icy and snowy weather, your stopping distance will be up to 10 times further than in good, dry conditions. To reduce the risk of skidding, take extra care when braking, accelerating and changing direction.
A A sensor holds the lights on amber for traffic while pedestrians are still crossing
B A sensor holds the lights on flashing amber for traffic while pedestrians are still crossing
C A sensor holds the lights on green for traffic while pedestrians are still crossing
D A sensor holds the lights on red for traffic while pedestrians are still crossing
Correct Answer: D A sensor holds the lights on red for traffic while pedestrians are still crossing
Explanation: At puffin crossings, an infra-red sensor detects when pedestrians are crossing. This controls when the lights change. There's no flashing amber phase as there is with a pelican crossing.
A The brakes will become spongy and inefficient
B The brakes will overheat
C The brakes will suddenly stop working
D The parking brake will fail
Correct Answer: A The brakes will become spongy and inefficient
Explanation: Driving a vehicle with a brake defect could be dangerous and may constitute an offence. Check the brake-fluid level regularly, using the high/low markers on the reservoir. If the fluid level is too low, it could result in loss of braking efficiency.
A At least once a month
B At least once a week
C Every time the car is driven
D Only when the tyres look soft
Correct Answer: B At least once a week
Explanation: Check all tyres (including the spare) at least once a week. Do it when they're cold and remember to refit the valve caps. The vehicle handbook will tell you if you need different pressures for different conditions. Remember: because it's so dangerous, it's an offence to use a vehicle with an improperly inflated tyre.
Correct Answer: B Daily
Explanation: It's recommended that you check all the lights on your vehicle on a daily basis and replace any faulty bulbs. Carrying spare bulbs and fuses in your vehicle will ensure you can replace a bulb as soon as you find it has failed.
A Cyclists and pedestrians
B Horse riders and cyclists
C Horse riders and pedestrians
D Moped riders and cyclists
Correct Answer: A Cyclists and pedestrians
Explanation: Most pedestrian crossings are for pedestrians only, but the toucan crossing has been designed to be shared by both pedestrians and cyclists. You can expect to find a toucan crossing where a cycle route and a footpath cross a road at the same point.
A It gives the pedestrians immediate priority
B Other road users can see the arm signal and act accordingly
C To make all traffic behind stop
D You must tell other drivers to stop
Correct Answer: B Other road users can see the arm signal and act accordingly
Explanation: When approaching a zebra crossing where you intend to stop, using an arm signal can be helpful. This not only tells the vehicles behind that you intend to stop, but also informs approaching traffic and waiting pedestrians, who can't see your brake lights.
A You'll cause a skid in the opposite direction
B You'll improve your control over the vehicle
C You'll increase the skid to the left
D You'll stop the car quickly
Correct Answer: A You'll cause a skid in the opposite direction
Explanation: There's no better protection against skids than driving in a way that will avoid them; drivers cause skids, not road and weather conditions. When steering to correct a skid, be careful not to overcorrect with too much steering, as this may lead to another skid in the opposite direction.
A Approach the corner at a constant speed, using the lowest gear possible
B Approach the corner at a steady speed, using the highest gear possible
C Drive slowly throughout, keeping the engine speed high
D Hold the clutch pedal down and control your speed with the brakes
Correct Answer: B Approach the corner at a steady speed, using the highest gear possible
Explanation: Time your driving and adjust your speed so that you don't have to use your brakes while you're cornering. Braking on an icy or snow-covered bend is potentially dangerous. The cornering force will continue to pull you outwards and the tyres will have very little grip. This could cause your vehicle to skid.
A The front tyres will grip the road more than the rear tyres
B The grip will remain constant on all four tyres
C The rear tyres will grip the road more than the front tyres
D The tyres won't grip until you brake firmly
Correct Answer: A The front tyres will grip the road more than the rear tyres
Explanation: If you brake while travelling in a straight line, the inertia of the vehicle tries to keep it moving forward. This moves the weight of the vehicle forward and onto the front wheels. This extra load on the front tyres will press them more firmly into contact with the road, giving more tyre grip.
Correct Answer: C Park
Explanation: When parking a vehicle with automatic transmission, the gear selector should be moved to the 'P' (Park) position. This locks the transmission and prevents the vehicle from moving forwards or backwards. This will stop it from rolling away should the parking brake fail.
A Remain in 'D' (Drive) and keep the speed in check with the footbrake
B Slow down and use the gear selector to hold the car in a low gear
C Slow down, so that the automatic transmission changes down to a lower gear
D Use 'kick-down' to change the vehicle into a lower gear
Correct Answer: B Slow down and use the gear selector to hold the car in a low gear
Explanation: A vehicle fitted with an automatic transmission usually changes to a higher gear as its speed increases and to a lower gear as it falls. It will also change down to a lower gear going uphill, as the load on the engine increases. However, there are times when you need to stay in a low gear even if the speed is constant and the load is light - for example, when going down a steep hill. The system normally tries to change to a higher gear in these situations; the driver is usually able to override the system by using the gear selector to stay in a low gear.
A Car drivers
B Cyclists
C Pedestrians
D Tram drivers
Correct Answer: D Tram drivers
Explanation: These signs are directed at tram drivers. By knowing what they mean, you'll be able to anticipate the actions of the driver.
A To park during daylight hours
B To park during the hours of darkness
C To rest if you're tired
D To set down or pick up passengers
Correct Answer: D To set down or pick up passengers
Explanation: Normally, a driver shouldn't stop or park on a road that has double white lines along the centre. However, you may stop for long enough to set down or pick up passengers, or to load or unload goods.
A Across the entrance to a service area
B Across the road at a pedestrian crossing
C Along the central reservation on a motorway or dual carriageway
D Along the edge of an escape lane on a steep downhill gradient
Correct Answer: C Along the central reservation on a motorway or dual carriageway
Explanation: Coloured studs are used to help you judge your position on the carriageway in poor visibility. Knowing which colour is used and where can help keep you safe. Amber studs are used between the right-hand lane and the central reservation on a motorway or dual carriageway.
A Don't go beyond the signal in that lane
B Leave the motorway at the next exit
C Move to another lane and stop
D Slow down to 50 mph
Correct Answer: A Don't go beyond the signal in that lane
Explanation: The lane under a gantry signal showing a red cross with flashing red lights is closed to traffic. You shouldn't proceed past that point in that lane. Should other lanes be open, move to a different lane and proceed with care. If red signals are shown above all lanes, then all lanes are closed: you must stop and wait for the lights to change or until you're directed to move.
A It makes it look closer than it really is
B It makes it look further away than it really is
C It makes it look larger than it really is
D It makes it look like it's travelling faster than it really is
Correct Answer: B It makes it look further away than it really is
Explanation: A mirror with convex glass gives a wide field of vision. This makes everything appear smaller and further away than it would look in a flat mirror.
A Air in the braking system
B Badly adjusted brakes
C Brake fluid on the linings or brake pads
D Worn brake pads
Correct Answer: A Air in the braking system
Explanation: A spongy footbrake normally indicates that air has entered the hydraulic system. This may be caused by allowing the fluid level to fall too far, a fluid leak, or moisture ingress. If the brakes feel spongy or slack, have them checked by a qualified mechanic. Test your brakes before the start of every journey. Check the brake fluid regularly but don't overfill it.
A The shock absorbers are faulty
B The tyre has been used over-inflated
C The tyre has been used under-inflated
D The wheels are out of alignment
Correct Answer: B The tyre has been used over-inflated
Explanation: Over-inflated tyres will cause excessive wear along the centre of the tread. Check your tyre pressures on a regular basis, and when the tyres are cold.
A The battery needs charging
B The charging system is faulty
C The engine is overheating
D The oil level may be low
Correct Answer: B The charging system is faulty
Explanation: The ignition light should go out once the engine has started. If it comes on during normal driving, this would indicate a fault with the charging system. Have it checked.
A Green
B Red
C Red and amber together
D Steady amber
Correct Answer: B Red
Explanation: The flashing amber light allows time for pedestrians to finish crossing. If the crossing is clear and it's safe, you may drive on before the green light shows.
A They'll seem to be clearer
B They'll seem to be driving faster
C They'll seem to be further away
D They'll seem to be nearer
Correct Answer: C They'll seem to be further away
Explanation: Exterior mirrors are designed to be convex. This gives a wide angle of view and helps to reduce blind areas. However, a vehicle behind will appear smaller and further away in a convex mirror, so it could be closer than you think.
A You lose control of the brakes only
B You lose control of the steering and brakes
C You lose control of the steering only
D You lose control of the washers and wipers
Correct Answer: B You lose control of the steering and brakes
Explanation: If you drive too fast in wet conditions, your steering may suddenly feel 'light'. This indicates that the tyres have lifted off the surface of the road and are skating on the surface of the water. This is known as aquaplaning. While this is happening, you'll be unable to steer the vehicle and your brakes will have no effect on your speed. To restore your tyres' grip on the road, ease off the accelerator smoothly. Don't brake or turn the steering until tyre grip has been restored.
A In the locked position
B Straight ahead
C Turned to the left
D Turned to the right
Correct Answer: D Turned to the right
Explanation: When you park a vehicle facing uphill and on the left, turn the steering wheel to the right. If the parking brake fails, this will give the front wheels the least distance to travel before wedging against the kerb, preventing the vehicle from rolling further. It's also a good idea to leave the car in gear, or select 'P' on an automatic.
A Make sure the head restraint doesn't obstruct the view in the mirror
B Make sure there's room for rear-seat passengers
C Make sure you can open the door while wearing the seat belt
D Make sure you can reach and operate the controls
Correct Answer: D Make sure you can reach and operate the controls
Explanation: At the start of their training, a pupil needs to understand why the seating adjustment is important. They should familiarise themselves with all seat adjustment controls; without assistance, pupils should be able to move the seat into a position where they can reach all of the important controls comfortably.
A Drive as quickly as possible, in a high gear, slipping the clutch if necessary
B Drive as quickly as possible, in a low gear, without slipping the clutch
C Drive slowly, in as high a gear as possible, slipping the clutch if necessary
D Drive slowly, in first gear and with a high engine speed, slipping the clutch if necessary
Correct Answer: D Drive slowly, in first gear and with a high engine speed, slipping the clutch if necessary
Explanation: You should always assess the depth of the water and avoid driving through deep or fast-flowing water. There's a risk that water may stop the engine if it enters the combustion chamber via the air intake, obstructs the exhaust pipe or short-circuits the ignition system. In addition, there's a risk of the vehicle being swept away by fast-flowing water. To drive through shallow water, you should drive slowly, because this will prevent a wave from washing over the engine. To ensure the exhaust pipe doesn't become flooded, the engine speed should be kept high, which may require you to slip the clutch.
A They have black letters and figures on a white background
B They have white letters and figures on a blue background
C They have white letters and figures on a brown background
D They have white letters and figures on a green background
Correct Answer: B They have white letters and figures on a blue background
Explanation: Most motorway signs have a blue background with white lettering, numbers and borders. These signs not only confirm motorway status but are designed to give clear information to drivers travelling at motorway speeds.
A Never under any circumstances
B Only in an emergency
C Only to overtake large vehicles
D When necessary and you can see it's safe to do so
Correct Answer: D When necessary and you can see it's safe to do so
Explanation: This hatched area is bordered by broken lines; in normal driving, there shouldn't be a need to enter or cross the hatched area. When exceptional circumstances arise (for example, the need to pass a temporary obstruction or a slow-moving vehicle), you may drive on a hatched area when you're sure that it's safe to do so. Where hatched areas are bordered by a solid line, you mustn't enter the area except in an emergency.
A Give way at the junction
B Stop at the junction
C The road widens ahead
D Two-way traffic ahead
Correct Answer: A Give way at the junction
Explanation: Some junctions only have 'give way' lines. This is usually where there's relatively little traffic. 'Give way' signs, and/or road markings, show you that traffic on the road you want to enter has priority.
A At no time
B During the hours of daylight
C When it's clear of buses
D When other cars are using it
Correct Answer: A At no time
Explanation: Some bus lanes only operate during peak hours and other vehicles may use them outside these hours. Make sure you check the sign for the hours of operation before driving in a bus lane. Where no hours are shown, the bus lane operates 24 hours a day.
A Most of the weight of the car will be transferred onto the front nearside wheel
B Most of the weight of the car will be transferred onto the front offside wheel
C Most of the weight of the car will be transferred onto the rear nearside wheel
D Most of the weight of the car will be transferred onto the rear offside wheel
Correct Answer: A Most of the weight of the car will be transferred onto the front nearside wheel
Explanation: On a right-hand bend, cornering forces will transfer more weight to the nearside wheels. If the brakes are also applied, the transfer of weight forward, combined with the cornering forces, puts more weight on the nearside front tyre - and this makes the car less stable.
A Closer than they are
B Further away than they are
C Larger than they are
D Travelling faster than they are
Correct Answer: B Further away than they are
Explanation: The outside mirrors fitted to cars are designed to give the driver the best possible view of the traffic behind. To give a wide angle of view, the mirror is made convex, but this makes everything appear smaller and further away than it really is.
A The brake discs are worn
B The brake pads are worn
C The hydraulic system contains air
D The wrong brake pads are fitted
Correct Answer: C The hydraulic system contains air
Explanation: If air gets into the hydraulic system, the brake pedal will feel spongy. When you press it, the air is compressed, causing the pedal to move further than normal. As a result, braking efficiency is reduced. Have the system checked by a qualified mechanic: brake faults are too important to be ignored.
A After each journey
B Before each journey
C Monthly
D Weekly
Correct Answer: B Before each journey
Explanation: Routine checks, particularly before a long journey, can help to save trouble and expense. Check the operation of all lights, including the brake lights, each time you use the vehicle.
A Hose down the engine to cool it before refilling
B Keep driving, as the fan will cool the engine
C Keep the engine running and fill it with coolant immediately
D Let it cool before removing the filler cap
Correct Answer: D Let it cool before removing the filler cap
Explanation: You should check the coolant level frequently, particularly before a long journey, and top it up as necessary. The need to top up often might indicate a leak or other fault in the cooling system. Have it checked by your garage or dealer.
A The tyre has been used at excessive speed
B The tyre has been used on the wrong axle
C The tyre has been used over-inflated
D The tyre has been used under-inflated
Correct Answer: D The tyre has been used under-inflated
Explanation: If you don't keep your tyres inflated to the recommended pressure, they may wear unevenly. Over-inflated tyres will tend to wear heavily in the centre tread area, while under-inflated tyres will tend to wear more on their outer edges. Check your tyres regularly and use a reliable gauge. Follow the manufacturer's guide for the correct tyre pressure; check and adjust the pressure when the tyres are cold.
A Stop at the stop line
B Stop level with the officer's arm
C Turn left only
D Turn right only
Correct Answer: A Stop at the stop line
Explanation: If a police officer or traffic warden directing traffic signals you to stop, you must obey them. They'll use the arm signals shown in The Highway Code. If they're controlling traffic where traffic lights have failed, react to their signal as though it had been given by the traffic lights.
A No, not under any circumstances
B No, unless you stay with your car
C Yes, if you don't block people from crossing
D Yes, in order to drop off a passenger
Correct Answer: A No, not under any circumstances
Explanation: You mustn't park within the area marked by zigzag lines on either side of a pedestrian crossing. You'll be causing an obstruction by obscuring the view of both pedestrians and drivers.
A You must give way to pedestrians on the crossing
B You must give way to pedestrians waiting to cross
C You must stop and wait for the green light
D You must wait for the amber light to stop flashing
Correct Answer: A You must give way to pedestrians on the crossing
Explanation: The flashing amber light comes on after the red light, and people may still be crossing. If the crossing is clear and it's safe, you may drive on without waiting for the green light.
A Brake gently while driving round the corner
B Select the appropriate gear for the speed required and lock it in that position
C Slow down before the corner and then accelerate gently as you turn
D Use the kick-down facility to select a lower gear
Correct Answer: C Slow down before the corner and then accelerate gently as you turn
Explanation: Automatic transmission sometimes changes up as you approach a bend, due to reduced pressure on the accelerator. To avoid this, slow down before you reach the bend, then accelerate gently as you turn.
A On a dual carriageway
B On a one-way street
C On a roundabout
D On an urban motorway
Correct Answer: B On a one-way street
Explanation: The traffic that's permitted to use a contraflow lane travels in the opposite direction to traffic in the other lanes on the road. This is to help public transport make full use of the road network in places that would otherwise be unavailable, such as one-way streets.
A Blue
B Red
C Red and blue
D Red and white
Correct Answer: A Blue
Explanation: Blue circular signs give a positive instruction (for example, turn left) or indicate a route available only to particular classes of traffic, such as buses and cycles.
A Priority should be given to cars towing a trailer or caravan
B Signs, road markings or traffic lights show the priority
C Traffic on the roundabout always has priority
D Vehicles approaching a roundabout always have priority
Correct Answer: B Signs, road markings or traffic lights show the priority
Explanation: Before you enter a roundabout, you normally give way to any traffic approaching from your immediate right. In a few cases, however, traffic on the roundabout has to give way to traffic entering. Look out for 'give way' signs, road markings and traffic lights on the roundabout.
A A single broken white line across the whole width of the minor road
B A single white line across the whole width of the minor road
C Double broken white lines across the left-hand side of the minor road
D Double broken white lines across the whole width of the minor road
Correct Answer: D Double broken white lines across the whole width of the minor road
Explanation: At the end of a one-way street, vehicles turning left will position on the left-hand side of the road and those turning right will use the right-hand side of the road. The double broken 'give way' lines will therefore run across the full width of the junction.
A No overtaking
B No stopping on the carriageway
C There's a hazard ahead
D They're lane markings
Correct Answer: C There's a hazard ahead
Explanation: Long white lines with short gaps mean there's a hazard ahead. Often a warning sign will show you the nature of the hazard. Don't cross the line unless you can see the road is clear well ahead and you wish to overtake or turn off.
A A coastguard patrol car
B A doctor's car
C A fire engine
D An ambulance
Correct Answer: B A doctor's car
Explanation: If you see a vehicle with a flashing green beacon approaching, it means the driver or passenger is a doctor on an emergency call. Allow it to pass when you can do so safely. Someone's life could depend on the driver making good progress through the traffic.
A Across the road, marking where roadworks start and finish
B At contraflow systems and roadworks
C At slip-road exits and entrances
D Between the edge of the carriageway and the central reservation
Correct Answer: B At contraflow systems and roadworks
Explanation: Fluorescent green/yellow reflective studs indicate temporary lane changes, such as at roadworks and contraflow systems. The lanes are often narrower than normal lanes. You should obey any speed restrictions through the roadworks.
A The steering mechanism will lock
B The steering will become hard to turn
C The steering will become very loose
D The tyres will wear more
Correct Answer: B The steering will become hard to turn
Explanation: Most power steering systems only work when the engine is running. If the power steering system fails (or the engine cuts out), much more effort will be needed to steer the vehicle.
A Leave the motorway at the next exit
B Move to the left-hand lane
C Move to the middle lane
D Stop
Correct Answer: C Move to the middle lane
Explanation: This sign on the overhead gantry will be accompanied by flashing amber lights. The arrow directs you to move into the next lane. There might not be any visible signs of a problem ahead, but there might be queuing traffic or another hazard that you can't yet see.
A You may overtake if it's safe to do so
B You may overtake, but you mustn't cross the line
C You may park on the left
D You may park on the right
Correct Answer: A You may overtake if it's safe to do so
Explanation: Where there are double white lines in the middle of the road and the line nearest to you is broken, you may cross the lines to overtake, provided it's safe and you can complete the manoeuvre before reaching a solid white line on your side.
A They appear to be closer than they really are
B They appear to be further away than they really are
C They appear to be larger than they really are
D They appear to be moving faster than they really are
Correct Answer: B They appear to be further away than they really are
Explanation: A mirror with convex glass has a wide field of vision but makes it more difficult to judge the distance and speed of traffic behind. Vehicles seen in this type of mirror appear to be further away than they actually are.
A To let them know that you're there
B To show that you're about to turn
C To show that you're giving way to them
D To tell them that you have right of way
Correct Answer: A To let them know that you're there
Explanation: You should only flash your headlights to warn others of your presence. Don't use them to
- greet others
- show impatience
- give up your priority.
Other road users could misunderstand your signal.
A Over-inflated tyres
B Under-inflated tyres
C Using tyres of different makes
D Using tyres that are new or hardly used
Correct Answer: B Under-inflated tyres
Explanation: If your tyre pressures are lower than those recommended by the manufacturer, there will be increased rolling resistance. To overcome this, the engine will have to work harder, resulting in increased fuel consumption. Check your tyre pressures at least once a week.
A Drivers may go straight on if there's no other traffic
B Drivers may turn left if it's safe to do so
C Drivers must slow down and prepare to stop if traffic has started to cross
D Drivers must stop behind the white stop line
Correct Answer: D Drivers must stop behind the white stop line
Explanation: You must stop and wait behind the white stop line when the red traffic light is showing. The white line is generally positioned so that pedestrians have room to cross in front of waiting traffic. Don't move off while pedestrians are crossing, even if the lights change to green.
A Carry on waiting
B Edge over the stop line and look for trains
C Park and investigate
D Phone the signal operator
Correct Answer: A Carry on waiting
Explanation: If the lights at a level crossing continue to flash after a train has passed, wait, as there might be another train coming. Time seems to pass slowly when you're held up in a queue. Be patient; there's a good safety reason why the barriers have remained down and the lights continue to flash.
A Continue in that lane and look for further information
B Move into another lane as soon as you can do so safely
C Pull onto the hard shoulder
D Stop and wait for an instruction to proceed
Correct Answer: B Move into another lane as soon as you can do so safely
Explanation: A red cross with flashing red lights above your lane shows that your lane is closed. You should move into another lane as soon as you can do so safely. If the signal shows above all lanes, you must stop and not go beyond the signal.
A When a red cross with flashing red lights shows above every lane
B When you have to read a map
C When you're tired and need a rest
D When your mobile phone rings
Correct Answer: A When a red cross with flashing red lights shows above every lane
Explanation: You may only stop on the carriageway of a motorway
- when told to do so by the police
- when a red cross with flashing red lights shows above every lane - in a traffic jam
- in an emergency or breakdown.
A When you're driving at night without headlights
B When you're driving slowly because you're lost
C When you've parked on double yellow lines
D When you've stopped your vehicle and it's temporarily obstructing traffic
Correct Answer: D When you've stopped your vehicle and it's temporarily obstructing traffic
Explanation: Use hazard warning lights when your vehicle is stationary, to warn that it's temporarily obstructing traffic. Never use them to excuse dangerous or illegal parking. You may also use hazard warning lights while you're driving on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway if you need to warn traffic behind of a hazard ahead.
Correct Answer: B The left-hand lane
Explanation: The colours of the reflective studs on the motorway, and their locations, are
- red - between the hard shoulder and the carriageway
- white - between the lanes
- amber - between the edge of the
carriageway and the central reservation
- green - along slip-road exits and entrances bright green/yellow - at roadworks and contraflow systems.
A To bleed air from the brake system
B To check your brake lights are working
C To make sure you can stop safely
D To remove the water from your tyres
Correct Answer: C To make sure you can stop safely
Explanation: At a ford, the road passes through a stream at a place where the water is normally shallow. When you've gone through the water, you should test your brakes and if necessary dry them out. To do this, first check that you won't cause danger to traffic behind. Then apply a light brake pressure while moving slowly. Make sure your brakes are working properly before resuming normal driving.
A Flash your headlights and slow down
B Slow down and give way if it's safe to do so
C Slow down and then sound your horn
D Sound your horn and keep going
Correct Answer: B Slow down and give way if it's safe to do so
Explanation: If a bus is signalling to move off, give it priority as long as it's safe to do so. Look for pedestrians who have left the bus and may be trying to cross the road.
Correct Answer: C Red
Explanation: Reflective studs on the motorway are there to help you in poor visibility. Different colours are used so that you'll know which lane you're in. These are
- red on the left-hand side of the road
- white between lanes
- amber on the right-hand edge of the carriageway
- green between the carriageway and slip roads.
A After any lengthy journey
B After travelling at high speed
C When tyres are cold
D When tyres are hot
Correct Answer: C When tyres are cold
Explanation: Check the tyre pressures when the tyres are cold. Warm or hot tyres may give a misleading reading.
A To give a wider field of vision
B To make it easier to judge the speed of traffic behind
C To make traffic behind look bigger
D To totally cover blind spots
Correct Answer: A To give a wider field of vision
Explanation: A convex mirror gives a wide view of the scene behind. However, it won't show you everything behind, or to the side of, your vehicle. Before you move off, look over your shoulder to check for anything that's not visible in the mirrors.
A To help you to see further along the road
B To help your indicators to show more clearly
C To make it easy for other road users to see your vehicle
D To make it possible to go at a much faster speed
Correct Answer: C To make it easy for other road users to see your vehicle
Explanation: You may be difficult to see when you're travelling at night, even on a well-lit road. If you use dipped headlights rather than sidelights, other road users will see you more easily.
A Increase your speed to clear the area quickly
B Keep up your speed and sound the horn
C Reduce speed until you're clear of the area
D Wait at the lights until they change to green
Correct Answer: C Reduce speed until you're clear of the area
Explanation: The flashing amber lights are switched on to warn you that children may be crossing near a school. Slow down and take extra care, as you may have to stop.
A A level crossing with no barrier
B A school crossing patrol
C An ambulance station
D An opening bridge
Correct Answer: B A school crossing patrol
Explanation: These lights warn that children may be crossing the road to a nearby school. Slow down so that you're ready to stop if necessary.
A To reduce engine wear
B To reduce fuel consumption
C To reduce the risk of fire
D To reduce toxic exhaust gases
Correct Answer: D To reduce toxic exhaust gases
Explanation: Catalytic converters are designed to reduce toxic exhaust emissions by up to 90%. They have a high normal working temperature and for this reason are inefficient when the engine is cold.
Correct Answer: C Toucan
Explanation: A toucan crossing is designed to allow pedestrians and cyclists to cross at the same time. Look out for cyclists approaching the crossing at speed.
A If you need to walk and get fresh air
B If you wish to pick up hitchhikers
C When there's a red cross with flashing red lights above every lane
D When you need to use your mobile telephone
Correct Answer: C When there's a red cross with flashing red lights above every lane
Explanation: You must stop if there's a red cross with red lights flashing above every lane on the motorway. However, if the signs over any of the other lanes don't show this signal, you may move into one of those lanes and continue, if it's safe to do so.
A Drive on as soon as your way is clear
B Flash your headlights in case they've not heard you
C Rev your engine to make them hurry
D Wait for them to finish crossing
Correct Answer: D Wait for them to finish crossing
Explanation: If the lights change to green at a pelican crossing, wait for any pedestrians to finish crossing. Allow them to cross the road in their own time, and don't try to hurry them by revving your engine.
A 40 mph
B 50 mph
C 60 mph
D 70 mph
Correct Answer: C 60 mph
Explanation: On a single carriageway road, the national speed limit will apply, unless signs indicate otherwise. For a car, the limit is 60 mph unless the car is towing a trailer - in which case the limit is reduced to 50 mph.
A At slip-road entrances and exits
B Between the carriageway and the central reservation
C Between the hard shoulder and the carriageway
D Separating driving lanes
Correct Answer: A At slip-road entrances and exits
Explanation: At night or in poor visibility, reflective studs in the road help you to judge your position on the carriageway; the colour of the stud will assist you further. Where slip roads join or leave the motorway, green studs are used.
A Continue your journey
B Move over to the left
C Stop on the left
D Turn at the next left
Correct Answer: C Stop on the left
Explanation: You must obey signals given by police officers, traffic officers, traffic wardens and signs used by school crossing patrols. When a police officer signals to you to stop, you should stop safely on the left and switch off your engine.
A To pass a car signalling to turn left ahead
B To pass a queue of traffic at a junction
C To pass a road maintenance vehicle travelling at 10 mph or less
D To pass a vehicle towing a trailer
Correct Answer: C To pass a road maintenance vehicle travelling at 10 mph or less
Explanation: If it's safe to do so, you may cross a solid white line to pass a road maintenance vehicle, pedal cycle or horse, if they're travelling at 10 mph (16 km/h) or less. When safe, you may also cross the solid line to enter a side road, access a property or pass a stationary vehicle.
A When pedestrians are waiting to cross
B When you intend to turn right
C When you think the lights may be about to change
D When your exit from the junction is blocked
Correct Answer: D When your exit from the junction is blocked
Explanation: As you approach traffic lights, look into the road you wish to take. If the road is blocked, hold back, even if the green light shows.
A Nobody
B Traffic going straight on
C Traffic turning left
D Traffic turning right
Correct Answer: A Nobody
Explanation: When traffic lights are out of order, you should treat the junction as an unmarked crossroads. Be cautious, as you may need to give way or stop. Keep a lookout for traffic attempting to cross the junction at speed.
A Drive past the lights if the road is clear
B Stop, because the lights are about to change to red
C Take care: there's a fault with the lights
D Wait for the green light and only drive on if the road is clear
Correct Answer: D Wait for the green light and only drive on if the road is clear
Explanation: Be aware that other traffic might still be clearing the junction. When the green light shows, make sure the way is clear before continuing.
A Go if no pedestrians are crossing
B Go if the way is clear
C Prepare to go
D Stop at the stop line
Correct Answer: D Stop at the stop line
Explanation: As you approach traffic lights that have been on green for some time, anticipate that they'll soon change. Check your mirror so that you know what traffic is behind you and how far away it is. If the lights change to steady amber, you should stop behind the stop line. If you're so close to the stop line when the lights change that to stop may cause a collision, you should continue. You'll only know the risk from traffic behind if you use your mirrors as you approach the lights.
A Amber
B Amber and green
C Green
D Red and amber
Correct Answer: D Red and amber
Explanation: Knowing the sequence of traffic lights allows you to plan your approach. This can help prevent excessive braking or hesitation at the junction.
A Direction
B Information
C Order
D Warning
Correct Answer: D Warning
Explanation: Look at each sign that you pass on the road, so that you don't miss any warnings, orders or information. The shape of the sign will tell you its purpose: triangular signs warn, circles give orders and rectangles inform.
A Circular
B Octagonal
C Square
D Triangular
Correct Answer: D Triangular
Explanation: All warning signs are triangular, but the 'give way' sign is the only triangular sign that points downwards; this is to give it greater prominence as you approach a junction. When you see this sign, you must give way to traffic on the road that you're about to join.
Correct Answer: C Stop
Explanation: The 'stop' sign is the only road sign that's octagonal. This is so that it can be recognised and obeyed even if it's obscured; for example, by snow.
A They're circular
B They're rectangular
C They're square
D They're triangular
Correct Answer: A They're circular
Explanation: There are three main types of traffic sign: those giving orders, those warning and those informing. Signs giving orders are circular, warning signs are triangular, and direction signs are rectangular.
A Circular
B Octagonal
C Rectangular
D Triangular
Correct Answer: B Octagonal
Explanation: To make it easy to recognise, the 'stop' sign is the only sign that's octagonal. The visibility from a junction where the 'stop' sign is used will be poor, even from the edge of the junction. You must stop and, if necessary, edge forward until you can see it's safe to drive out.
A Buses pulling out
B Cyclists riding across
C Emergency vehicles emerging
D Trams crossing in front
Correct Answer: B Cyclists riding across
Explanation: Pedestrians and cyclists can both cross at a toucan crossing; cyclists are permitted to ride across.
A You're approaching a concealed depot entrance
B You're approaching a concealed level crossing
C You're approaching the end of a dual carriageway
D You're approaching the end of a motorway
Correct Answer: B You're approaching a concealed level crossing
Explanation: If there's a bend or other obstruction concealing a level crossing, you won't be able to see the barriers, signals or any waiting traffic. Countdown markers, spaced equally at about 100 yard intervals, give you an early warning that you're approaching a level crossing, so you can be prepared to stop if necessary.
A When oncoming traffic prevents you from turning right
B When traffic lights are green
C When you're in a queue of traffic to go ahead
D When you're in a queue of traffic turning left
Correct Answer: A When oncoming traffic prevents you from turning right
Explanation: The purpose of this road marking is to keep the junction clear of queuing traffic. You may only wait in the marked area when you're turning right and your exit lane is clear but you can't complete the turn because of oncoming traffic.
Correct Answer: B Check the mirrors
Explanation: Before giving any signal, you need to use your mirrors to check what's behind and consider how other drivers may be affected by your signal. Sometimes a signal may not be necessary or you may feel it safer to give a signal earlier or later than normal.
A Double or single yellow lines
B Hazard warning lines
C Pedestrian islands
D Street lighting
Correct Answer: D Street lighting
Explanation: There's usually a 30 mph speed limit where street lights are less than 185 metres (600 feet) apart.
Correct Answer: D 70 mph
Explanation: The speed limit on a dual carriageway or motorway is 70 mph for cars and motorcycles, unless there are signs to indicate otherwise. If your car or motorcycle is towing a trailer, then a lower national speed limit applies. The speed limits for different types of vehicle are listed in The Highway Code.
Correct Answer: B Green
Explanation: The reflective studs between the carriageway and the hard shoulder are normally red. These change to green where there's a slip road. They help you identify slip roads when visibility is poor or when it's dark.
A Between each pair of lanes
B Between the acceleration lane and the carriageway
C Between the central reservation and the carriageway
D Between the hard shoulder and the carriageway
Correct Answer: C Between the central reservation and the carriageway
Explanation: On motorways, reflective studs are set into the road to help you navigate in the dark and in conditions of poor visibility. Amber-coloured studs are on the right-hand edge of the main carriageway, next to the central reservation.
Correct Answer: D White
Explanation: Reflective studs are placed along the edges and between the lanes on motorways. The colour of the stud can help you identify your position on the road when visibility is reduced; for example, when it's foggy. Between the lanes, the studs are white. Red studs are used between the left-hand edge of the carriageway and the hard shoulder. Amber studs are used along the right-hand edge of the carriageway, and green studs are used where slip roads enter or leave the motorway.
A Leave at the next exit
B Slow down and watch for further signals
C Stop and wait
D Stop on the hard shoulder
Correct Answer: C Stop and wait
Explanation: Red flashing lights above every lane mean you mustn't go on any further. You'll also see a red cross illuminated. Stop and wait. Don't
- change lanes
- continue
- stop on the hard shoulder (unless in an emergency).
A 30 mph
B 50 mph
C 60 mph
D 70 mph
Correct Answer: D 70 mph
Explanation: The speed limit for a car on the motorway is 70 mph. Drive in the left-hand lane whenever possible. Only move to the right to overtake, even if you're travelling at the national speed limit.
A Bicycle
B Car
C High-sided vehicle
D Motorcycle
Correct Answer: B Car
Explanation: Although cars are the least likely to be affected, side winds can affect anyone, especially
- after overtaking a large vehicle
- when passing gaps between hedges or buildings
- on exposed sections of road.
A Allow it to move off, if it's safe to do so
B Flash your headlights as you approach
C Get past before it moves
D Signal left and wave the bus on
Correct Answer: A Allow it to move off, if it's safe to do so
Explanation: Give way to buses if you can do so safely, especially when they signal to move off from a bus stop. Look out for people who've just got off the bus, as they may try to cross the road. Don't try to accelerate past before the bus starts moving, and don't flash your headlights; other road users may be misled by this signal.
A Be careful; they may misjudge your speed
B Expect them to wait for you to pass
C Speed up to get past them quickly
D Stop and wave them across the road
Correct Answer: A Be careful; they may misjudge your speed
Explanation: Elderly people may misjudge how far away you are and how fast you're travelling. This may cause them to step into the road when you would expect a pedestrian to wait. They may also walk slowly and so could take a long time to cross the road.
A The person has memory problems
B The person is a pensioner
C The person is deaf and blind
D The person is physically disabled
Correct Answer: C The person is deaf and blind
Explanation: If someone is deaf as well as blind, they may be carrying a white stick with a red reflective band. You can't know whether a pedestrian is deaf. Don't assume that everyone can hear you approaching.
A By displaying a 'stop' sign
B By displaying a red light
C By giving you an arm signal
D By pointing to children on the opposite pavement
Correct Answer: A By displaying a 'stop' sign
Explanation: As you approach a school crossing patrol, you may see two amber lights, one above the other and flashing alternately. This will be accompanied by a 'school' warning sign. The school crossing patrol will display a 'stop' sign, so you must stop. Don't wave anyone across the road, get impatient or rev your engine.
A Cyclists can ride across it with pedestrians
B It's controlled by a traffic warden
C It's controlled by two flashing lights
D Moped riders can ride across it with pedestrians
Correct Answer: A Cyclists can ride across it with pedestrians
Explanation: Toucan crossings are shared by pedestrians and cyclists. Cyclists are permitted to cycle across with pedestrians when they're shown the green light together. The signals are push-button operated and there's no flashing amber phase.
A At a toucan crossing, cyclists can cross with pedestrians
B At a toucan crossing, you only stop if someone is waiting to cross
C There are no road markings at a toucan crossing
D There's a continuously flashing amber beacon at a toucan crossing
Correct Answer: A At a toucan crossing, cyclists can cross with pedestrians
Explanation: There are some crossings where cycle routes lead cyclists to cross at the same place as pedestrians. These are called toucan crossings. Always look out for cyclists, as they're likely to be approaching faster than pedestrians.
A The road bends sharply to the left
B The road goes steeply downhill
C The road goes steeply uphill
D The road is closed further ahead
Correct Answer: A The road bends sharply to the left
Explanation: A black-and-white chevron sign gives an advance warning to drivers that the road ahead bends sharply in the direction indicated by the chevron. This advance information allows drivers to adjust their speed in good time and select the correct gear for their speed.
A Flash your headlights at the cyclist
B Overtake before the cyclist gets to the junction
C Slow down and allow the cyclist to turn
D Squeeze past the cyclist on the left-hand side
Correct Answer: C Slow down and allow the cyclist to turn
Explanation: Keep well back and allow the cyclist room to take up the correct position for the turn. Don't get too close behind or try to squeeze past.
A To calibrate satellite navigation systems
B To prevent buses from using these roads
C To slow traffic
D To test vehicle suspension units
Correct Answer: C To slow traffic
Explanation: Road humps, chicanes and narrowings are all traffic-calming measures designed to keep vehicle speeds low. They're used to protect vulnerable road users near areas such as housing estates and shopping centres.
A Before a long journey
B Before carrying a passenger
C Early in the morning
D When the engine is hot
Correct Answer: A Before a long journey
Explanation: Before setting out on a long journey, check the oil level, as an engine can use more oil on a long journey than on shorter trips. Insufficient oil can lead to excessive wear and engine damage.
A To allow lorries to load more freely
B To help the traffic flow
C To provide better parking
D To raise the speed limits
Correct Answer: B To help the traffic flow
Explanation: Traffic signs and continuous red lines painted along the edge of the road identify a Red Route. Parking is banned along these routes and enforcement officers have powers to remove any vehicle that's illegally parked. These powers are in place to ensure the route remains unobstructed and so help the free flow of traffic.
Correct Answer: D Trams
Explanation: Diamond-shaped signs apply to tram drivers. You should know their meaning so that you're aware of the priorities and are able to anticipate the actions of the driver.
A Ambulance
B Doctor's car
C Fire engine
D Road gritter
Correct Answer: B Doctor's car
Explanation: A green flashing beacon on a vehicle means the driver or passenger is a doctor on an emergency call. Give way to them if it's safe to do so. Be aware that the vehicle may be travelling quickly.
A Accelerate hard to get away from it
B Brake harshly and immediately stop in the road
C Maintain your speed and course
D Move over as soon as it's safe to do so
Correct Answer: D Move over as soon as it's safe to do so
Explanation: When an emergency vehicle is behind with its blue lights flashing, you must remain calm and look ahead for a safe place to move over to let it pass. If you're waiting at red traffic lights, don't attempt to clear the way by driving past the red light; this is both dangerous and a traffic offence.
A Because it's safer for you to carry on
B Because there may be another vehicle coming
C Because they may not be looking
D Because they may not be ready to cross
Correct Answer: B Because there may be another vehicle coming
Explanation: If people are waiting to use a pedestrian crossing, slow down and be prepared to stop. Don't wave them across the road, as another driver may not have seen them or your signal and may not be able to stop.
A Flashing amber
B Flashing green
C Steady amber
D Steady red
Correct Answer: C Steady amber
Explanation: Puffin crossings have infra-red sensors that detect when pedestrians are crossing and hold the red traffic signal until the crossing is clear. The use of a sensor means there's no flashing amber phase, as there is with a pelican crossing; the lights follow the same sequence as traffic lights.
A Give way to pedestrians on the crossing
B Give way to pedestrians waiting to cross
C Stop and wait for the green light
D Stop and wait for the red light
Correct Answer: A Give way to pedestrians on the crossing
Explanation: Pelican crossings are signal-controlled crossings operated by pedestrians. Push-button controls change the signals. Pelican crossings have no red-and-amber stage before green. Instead, they have a flashing amber light, which means you must give way to pedestrians on the crossing, but if it's clear, you may continue.
A To help you choose the correct lane
B To help you keep the correct separation distance
C To tell you the distance to the roundabout
D To warn you to slow down
Correct Answer: D To warn you to slow down
Explanation: These lines are a device often found on the approach to a roundabout or a dangerous junction. They become closer together as you approach the hazard, warning you to slow down.
A Green alone
B Green and amber together
C Red alone
D Red and amber together
Correct Answer: C Red alone
Explanation: At junctions controlled by traffic lights, you must stop and wait behind the white line until the lights change to green. You may then proceed unless your exit road is blocked or it's not safe to do so, such as when pedestrians are crossing in front of you. After the green light, the amber light will show on its own for a short period, followed by the red light. When the amber light shows on its own, you should stop, providing it's safe to do so.